Dietary (n-3) Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Up-Regulate Plasma Leptin in Insulin-Resistant Rats

Peyron-Caso, Elodie; Taverna, Mariano J.; Guerre-Millo, Michéle; Véronèse, Annie; Pacher, Nathalie; Slama, G.; Rizkalla, Salwa W.

doi:10.1093/jn/132.8.2235

Cited by 61 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…A dietary intake of fish oil or 22:6n-3 has been shown to influence plasma insulin and adipocytokine levels (Flachs et al, 2006;Peyron-Caso et al, 2002;Perez-Matute et al, 2005;Neschen et al, 2006;Miura et al, 1997;Steerenberg et al, 2002). In the present study, an intake of fish oil also significantly increased insulin, leptin, and adiponectin levels but not resistin when compared with the lard diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At any rate, these changes of fatty acid composition may influence the secretion of insulin and adipocytokines. Some reports have suggested that an intake of 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 activates the expression of leptin and adiponectin mRNAs (Flachs et al, 2006;Peyron-Caso et al, 2002;Perez-Matute et al, 2005;Neschen et al, 2006) and that 20:4n-6 enhances the expression of resistin mRNA (Haugen et al, 2005). Thus, in this study, it is conceivable that plasma adipocytokine levels are related to the differences in the levels of 20:5n-3, 22:6n-3, and 20:4n-6 in plasma and liver from animals on the kazunoko lipid and fish oil diets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies indicate that the adipocytokines, such as leptin and adiponectin, may also be involved in the prevention of metabolic syndrome (Kobayashi, 2005;Matsuzawa et al, 2004) and there have been reports that levels of these adipocytokines are influenced by fish oil intake (Shirai et al, 2006c;Flachs et al, 2006;Peyron-Caso et al, 2002;PerezMatute et al, 2005;Neschen et al, 2006). In our previous study of the effect of intake of lipids of the herring roe prod-…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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A Comparative Study of Lipids Extracted from Herring Roe Products and Fish Oil on Plasma Glucose and Adipocytokine Levels in ICR Aged Mice

Shirai

Higuchi

Suzuki

2008

FSTR

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Male mice (11 months old) were fed 5% lard, fish oil, or kazunoko (salted fish roe product) lipids for 4 months to investigate the effects of diet on plasma glucose and adipocytokines. Plasma glucose levels were significantly lower in the fish oil group than in the lard group and there was a non-significant tendency towards lower levels in the kazunoko lipid group. Plasma leptin and adiponectin levels were also significantly higher in fish oil group than in lard group and resistin levels were significantly lower in the kazunoko lipid group than the lard group, but not the fish oil group. The results suggest that kazunoko lipids might be effective as a dietary component in the prevention of coronary heart disease and diabetes even though the metabolic effects of kazunoko lipids were different from those of fish oil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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A Comparative Study of Lipids Extracted from Herring Roe Products and Fish Oil on Plasma Glucose and Adipocytokine Levels in ICR Aged Mice

Shirai

Higuchi

Suzuki

2008

FSTR

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“…The literature indicates that n-6 PUFA do not alter leptin whereas n-3 PUFA exert variable results (Takahashi and Ide, 2000;Reseland et al, 2001;Korotkova et al, 2002;Peyron-Caso et al, 2002). Insulin stimulates leptin production and secretion (Havel, 2002).…”

Section: Dietary Fatty Acids and Pcos S Kalgaonkar Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of walnuts vs almonds on improving metabolic and endocrine parameters in PCOS

et al. 2010

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Background/Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is commonly associated with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and increased inflammation, which all benefit from dietary intake of monounsaturated and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (MUFA and n-3 PUFA). Our goal was to compare the effects of MUFA-rich almonds vs n-3/n-6 PUFA-rich walnuts on metabolic and endocrine parameters in PCOS. Subjects/Methods: Thirty-one PCOS patients randomly received either walnuts or almonds containing 31 g of total fat per day for 6 weeks. At the beginning and at the end, anthropometric parameters, fasting lipids, phospholipid-fatty acids, inflammatory markers, androgens, oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) and frequently sampled intravenous-GTT were obtained. Results: Weight remained stable. Within group, walnuts increased the n-3/n-6 essential PUFA in the diet and plasma phospholipids. Walnuts decreased low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol by 6% from 3.76 ± 0.27 to 3.38 ± 0.22 mmol/l (P ¼ 0.05) and apoprotein B by 11% from 0.72 ± 0.04 to 0.64 ± 0.05 g/l (Po0.03). Although almonds also reduced low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol by 10% and apoprotein B by 9%, these were not significant. Walnuts increased insulin response during OGTT by 26% (Po0.02). Both walnuts and almonds increased adiponectin (walnuts from 9.5 ± 1.6 to 11.3 ± 1.8 mg per 100 ml, P ¼ 0.0241; almonds from 10.1 ± 1.5 to 12.2 ± 1.4 mg/dl, P ¼ 0.0262). Walnuts decreased HgBA1 from 5.7 ± 0.1 to 5.5 ± 0.1% (P ¼ 0.0006) with significant intergroup difference from almonds (P ¼ 0.0470). Walnuts increased sex hormone-binding globulin from 38.3±4.1 to 43.1±4.3 nmol/l (P ¼ 0.0038) and almonds reduced free androgen index from 2.6±0.4 to 1.8±0.3 (P ¼ 0.0470). Conclusion: Nut intake exerted beneficial effects on plasma lipids and androgens in PCOS.

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“…Peyron-Caso and colleagues reported that omega-3 fatty acids upregulate plasma leptin levels in insulinresistant rats by 70% after three weeks of fish oil and 75% after six weeks [52] . Subsequently, an affiliated group demonstrated that omega-3 fatty acids were able to reverse the inhibitory effect of a long-term sucroserich diet on serum leptin levels in insulin-resistant rats [53] .…”

Section: Leptinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological effects of lipid-lowering drugs on circulating adipokines

Wanders

Plaisance²,

Judd³

2010

WJD

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The cardioprotective effects of lipid-lowering drugs have been primarily attributed to their effects on blood lipid metabolism. However, emerging evidence indicates that lipid-lowering drugs also modulate the synthesis and secretion of adipose tissue-secreted proteins referred to as adipokines. Adipokines influence energy homeostasis and metabolism and have also been shown to modulate the vascular inflammatory cascade. The purpose of this review will be to examine the reported effects of commonly used lipid-lowering drugs (statins, fibrates, niacin and omega-3-fatty acids) on the circulating concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, tumor necrosisfactor-α (TNF-α), Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) and resistin. Overall, the lipid-lowering drugs reviewed have minimal effects on leptin and resistin concentrations. Conversely, circulating adiponectin concentrations are consistently increased by each lipid-lowering drug reviewed with the greatest effects produced by niacin. Studies that have examined the effects of statins, niacin and omega-3-fatty acids on TNF-α demonstrate that these agents have little effect on circulating TNF-α concentrations. Niacin and fibrates appear to lower RBP4 but not resistin concentrations. The results of the available studies suggest that a strong relationship exists between pharmacological reductions in blood lipids and adiponectin that is not obvious for other adipokines reviewed.

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Dietary (n-3) Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Up-Regulate Plasma Leptin in Insulin-Resistant Rats

Cited by 61 publications

References 26 publications

A Comparative Study of Lipids Extracted from Herring Roe Products and Fish Oil on Plasma Glucose and Adipocytokine Levels in ICR Aged Mice

A Comparative Study of Lipids Extracted from Herring Roe Products and Fish Oil on Plasma Glucose and Adipocytokine Levels in ICR Aged Mice

Differential effects of walnuts vs almonds on improving metabolic and endocrine parameters in PCOS

Pharmacological effects of lipid-lowering drugs on circulating adipokines

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