Dietary multivalent anti‐Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin Y significantly increase the H. pylori eradication and improve the clinical symptoms in patients

Abstract

Background The oral chicken immunoglobulin Y (IgY) as a novel model of immunotherapy to control Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori, Hp) infection has gained much interest in recent years. However, none of the current IgY therapies showed a total eradication of H. pylori on patients. Methods In this report, the recombinant antigens of H. pylori, including UreB (1710 bp), BabA2 (1269 bp), and FlaA (399 bp), were, respectively, expressed and purified, and then mixed and subjected to immunize laying hens for the preparation of multivalent anti‐H. pylori immunoglobulin Y (anti‐Hp mIgY). Next, the biological activities of anti‐Hp mIgY, including the recognition to antigens and the inhibition on H. pylori growth, were tested. Moreover, to perform a clinical trial, 94 Hp‐infected patients, according to the values of 13C urea breath test and the characteristics of gastroscopy of volunteers, were enrolled to evaluate the effects of dietary anti‐Hp mIgY against H. pylori infection. After continuous dietary of anti‐Hp mIgY for 2 weeks, the oral administration was terminated. The clinical symptoms of the patients were followed up at 2nd, 4th, and 6th week, respectively, and the 13C urea breath test were re‐examined at 6th week. Results The anti‐Hp mIgY could bind to recombinant antigens very well, and the titers of anti‐Hp mIgY to UreB, Baba2, and FlaA, are 62.5, 125, and 250 μg/ml, respectively. The in vitro antibacterial test showed that the 2 mg/ml of anti‐Hp mIgY could completely inhibit the H. pylori growth for 36 h. After a 2‐week dietary of anti‐Hp mIgY, the value of 13C urea breath test was significantly decreased by 56.0% (25.9 ± 14.1 vs 11.4 ± 9.78, p < 0.001), the total improvement rate of clinical symptoms in volunteers was 87.3%, and the H. pylori eradication rate was 30.6%. Conclusion Two‐week dietary of anti‐Hp mIgY greatly improved the clinical symptoms and the quality of life of Hp‐infected patients, and the H. pylori eradication rate reached up to 30.6%.

DNA starvation/stationary phase protection protein of Helicobacter pylori as a potential immunodominant antigen for infection detection

“…Effects against H. pylori by specific IgY have also been investigated both in vitro and in vivo. These studies mainly focus on the treatment of H. pylori 15–21 . Comprehensive consideration of the intercepting effect of gastric mucus, the proteolysis by low pH, and pepsin, as well as the normal emptying of the stomach, we believe that it is difficult to have enough active IgY to reach the gastric pit where H. pylori mainly colonized, and the therapeutic efficacy to eradicate H. pylori is constrained 22–26 .…”

“…These studies mainly focus on the treatment of H. pylori. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Comprehensive consideration of the intercepting effect of gastric mucus, the proteolysis by low pH, and pepsin, as well as the normal emptying of the stomach, we believe that it is difficult to have enough active IgY to reach the gastric pit where H. pylori mainly colonized, and the therapeutic efficacy to eradicate H. pylori is constrained. [22][23][24][25][26] However, IgY has the advantages of cost-effective, convenience, high yield, high binding specificity, and low cross-reactivity.…”

Egg yolk antibody combined with bismuth-based quadruple therapy in Helicobacter pylori infection rescue treatment: a single-center, randomized, controlled study

“… Attallah et al (2009) found that yolk antibodies (IgY-Hp58) obtained from H. pylori -stimulated immunization effectively inhibited H. pylori infection and alleviated gastritis in BALB/c mice. Another clinical study showed that oral anti-Hp mIgY for 2 weeks reduces urea breath test values and inhibits H. pylori activity ( Guo et al, 2021 ). Currently, Ig Y is used as an oral passive immunotherapy for preventing and controlling gastric and oral infections, with active applications in treating viral diarrhea and other gastrointestinal diseases.…”

Novel extraction technologies and potential applications of egg yolk proteins

“…Aiba et al ( 2019 ) found the combination of anti- Helicobacter pylori (Hp) IgY and Lactobacillus johnsonii No.1088 showed a synergistic effect in anti-Hp activity both in vitro and in vivo. A clinical study was investigated by Guo et al ( 2021 ) on the efficiency of oral multivalent anti-Hp IgY agaist Hp infections. The clinical symptoms in patients were obviously enhanced through a two-week dietary of anti-Hp IgY and Hp eradication reached 30.6%.…”