Dietary medicinal herbs and enzyme treated fish meal improve stress resistances and growth performance at early juvenile stage of red sea breamPagrus major

Abstract

Red sea bream Pagrus major (RSB) weighing 0.09 g were fed on test diets, composed of 65% fish meal supplemented with 0.49% Crataegi fructus (Cf) and a mixture of Massa medicata, Cf, Artemisia capillaries and Cnidium officinale (HM) or a control diet without herbs, in trial 1. After air exposure and anaesthesia treatment, higher stress tolerances were obtained in herbal groups than control group. Moreover, after challenge test with Vibrio anguillarum, mortalities of the herbal groups were lower than the control group. There was no significant difference in growth performance among the treatments. Feed efficiency (FE) of the test groups was 124-141%. In trial 2, RSB weighing 0.11 g were fed on diets composed of 35% fish meal and 30% enzyme treated fish meal (EFM) with the same herbal treatments as trial 1. The herbal groups revealed higher final body weight and specific growth rate (SGR) and lower daily feed intake than those of the control group. The FE of test groups was 172-203%. These results indicate that the dietary herbs supplementation acts not only as recovery enhancer for some rearing stresses but also as growth enhancer, which is accelerated with dietary EFM in the early juvenile stage of red sea bream.

Dietary herbs supplementation improves growth, feed efficiency and apparent digestibility coefficient of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × Epinephelus lanceolatus) juvenile

“…Nevertheless, a few studies used herbs in powder form and reported beneficial effects in fish (Reverter et al, 2014; Syahidah et al, 2015). For instance, the supplementation of red sea bream ( Pagrus major ) diet with 0.49% hawthorn powder ( Crataegi fructus ) led to a significant better growth rate than the control (Takaoka et al, 2014). Aside from weight gain and growth, lower carcass saturated fatty acid content was observed in olive flounder ( Paralichthys olivaceus ) following the incorporation of 0.3, 0.5 and 1.0% herbs powder mixture (i.e.…”

Nutritional Effect of Using a Bioactive Mixture (Lemon, Onion and Garlic) on Growth Performances, Feed Utilization, Immune Status and Gene Expression of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

“…However, they noted a significant improvement (P<0.05) in feed conversion compared to the control. Contrarily, Kim et al [56] and Takaoka et al [49] observed no significant effects on feed efficiency when utilizing Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi extract or medicinal herbs in catfish (Silurus asotus) or at the early juvenile stage of Red seabream (Pagrus major). FCR: Expressed as g of DM intake / g gain PER:Expressed as g of g gain / g CP intake.…”

“…Maniat et al [48] observed positive growth effects in fish fed phytogenic-enriched diets, such as fenugreek meal, chamomile flowers meal, and garlic, phytogenic-enriched diets, whereas, Takaoka et al [49] found no significant impacts on growth. Additionally, recent research highlights the beneficial effects of LOG juice in other animal species.…”

Effect of Dietary Phytobiotics Supplementation On Growth, Serum Biochemical And Chemical Composition Of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus).

“…In addition, rainbow trout fed diets contained a mixture of thymol and carvacrol improved (P < 0.05) feed efficiency and growth (Giannenas et al., 2012). On the contrary, no impacts of phytobiotics on growth and feed efficiency (Kim et al, 2013;Takaoka et al, 2016). The potential reasons for superiority of the combination phytobiotics than other treatments may be due to the benefit effect of phytobiotics together than when it was used individually.…”