Dietary linseed oil and selenate affect the concentration of fatty acids in selected tissues of sheep

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The aim of the study was to determine the influence of the addition of 5% linseed oil (LO) and 2 µg Se as selenate (SeVI) per g of diet on body mass gain (BMG), feed conversion efficiency (FCE), and concentrations of fatty acids (FA), especially conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers, in the liver, heart, m. longissimus dorsi (MLD), m. biceps femoris (MBF), subcutaneous fat (SF), perirenal fat (PF), and intermuscular fat (IF) of sheep. Each group comprised 5 lambs with an average initial body weight of 25 ± 2 kg. For 35 days the sheep were fed the control or experimental diets enriched with 5% LO, SeVI, or LO and SeVI combined. The diets with LO, regardless of the presence of SeVI, increased BMG, FCE, and the mass of MBF, MLD, and the liver. The LO treatment increased the concentration of total CLA isomers in the liver, SF, PF, and MLD in comparison with the control. Dietary LO with or without SeVI resulted in negligible changes in the concentration of total CLA isomers in MBF. The diet enriched with LO, irrespective of the presence of SeVI, increased the concentrations of cis-monounsaturated fatty acids (cis-MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), as well as unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) in the liver, heart, and especially in SF and PF (i.e. energy storage tissues) compared with the control group and SeVI-fed sheep. Dietary SeVI more effectively increased the capacity of ∆9-desaturation in all adipose tissues as the concentration of cis9,trans11CLA increased in these tissues. The addition of SeVI to the diet decreased the yield of the catabolism of fatty acids in these adipose tissues and both muscles compared with the control sheep or other experimental groups. The diets enriched with LO with or without SeVI increased the nutritional value of MBF, MLD, and adipose tissues as the ratio of unsaturated FA/saturated FA increased. Our results of a short-term study provide useful information for nutritionists carrying out further investigations to improve the nutritional quality of feed for ruminants as well as humans.

Selenium supplementation into diets containing carnosic acid, fish and rapeseed oils affects the chemical profile of whole blood in lambs

“…Our previous study (RozbickaWieczorek et al, 2016c) also demonstrated that SeVI addition to diet containing 2% RO, 1% FO and CA decreased the capacity of carbohydrate fermentation into VFA and lipogenic enzymes in the lamb body, whereas stimulated the microorganism protein biosynthesis in the rumen. Moreover, the present data are in agreement with the results of Czauderna et al (2012), in which diet containing only SeVI reduced the concentration of ΣFA, especially ΣPUFA and ΣMUFA, in longissimus dorsi (LD) and biceps fermoris (BF) muscles of lambs in comparison to animals fed control diet or diet supplemented with linseed oil. Our recent investigations (Miltko et al, 2016) indicated that the lowest concentration of acetic acid in the ruminal fluid collected from lambs fed experimental diet with SeVI was associated with decreased biosynthesis yield of acetyl-CoA to lipids in lamb tissues.…”

Selenite and selenate affect the fatty acid profile in in vitro incubated ovine ruminal fluid containing linseed oil

“…The relative increase in the concentration of C20:5n-3 in the fluids with LO and Se, especially as Se IV H or Se VI H, was higher than the relative increase in the concentration of αLNA in the fluids with LO and the higher concentration of Se IV or Se VI . This effect should be observed in in vivo investigations, resulting in an enhanced duodenal flow of αLNA or C20:5n-3 (Niedźwiedzka et al, 2008;Czauderna et al, 2010Czauderna et al, , 2012bKrajewska et al, 2012). Our observations are also consistent with recent in vivo and in vitro studies that have reported that the ruminal biohydrogenation of C20:5n-3 and other LPUFAn-3 was significantly lower compared to the ruminal biohydrogenation of C18-PUFA (e.g., LA or αLNA) (Dohme et al, 2003;Chow et al, 2004).…”

Supplementation effects of seleno-compounds, carnosic acid, and fish oil onconcentrations of fatty acids, tocopherols, cholesterol, and amino acids in the livers of lambs

“…In fact, increasing contents of PUFAs, and especially n-3LPUFAs, in ruminant tissues is very important in view of the generally saturated nature of FAs in ruminant meats and the negative effect this can have on human health. Fortunately, amounts and types of fat and pro-or antioxidants added to the diet can influence the biohydrogenation yield of UFAs and the FA profiles in ruminant tissues (1,(4)(5)(6)(7). Our studies indicated that feeding linseed oil or FO effectively decreased the content of SFAs in tissues and increased the content of valuable monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs) and PUFAs (4).…”

“…Fortunately, amounts and types of fat and pro-or antioxidants added to the diet can influence the biohydrogenation yield of UFAs and the FA profiles in ruminant tissues (1,(4)(5)(6)(7). Our studies indicated that feeding linseed oil or FO effectively decreased the content of SFAs in tissues and increased the content of valuable monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs) and PUFAs (4). Moreover, our studies documented that FO is able to modify the biohydrogenation yield by decreasing the enzymatic isomerization capacity of linoleic acid (LA) or α-linolenic acid (αLNA) and simultaneously elevating the trans11C18:1 (t11C18:1) concentration in ruminal bacteria and tissues (1,2,6).…”

“…Consequently, the percentage of undesirable FAs, like atherogenic and thrombogenic SFAs (A-SFA and T-SFA) (8) and especially C18:0, in tissues decreased, whereas the percentage of UFAs, particularly n-3LPUFAs, in tissues increased (1,9). However, the balance of UFAs, especially highly unsaturated FAs, prooxidants or antioxidants (e.g., Se-compounds or tocopherols), in feed is a critical factor influencing the quality of edible carcass parts of farm animals (4,7,10,11). Numerous studies showed that diets supplemented with selenized yeast (SeY) or selenate (SeVI) change the contents of FAs, tocopherols, and malondialdehyde (MDA; a marker of the oxidative stress) in animal tissues (4,7,9,11,12).…”