Dietary iron regulates intestinal cadmium absorption through iron transporters in rats

Protective Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 against Acute Cadmium Toxicity in Mice

“…Third, intestinal cadmium absorption is associated with divalent metal transporter 1, a protein that has a broad specificity favoring divalent metals such as Ca 2ϩ , Fe 2ϩ , and Zn 2ϩ (35,36). In other words, there is a competitive relationship between the absorption of cadmium and that of divalent essential elements (4,37,38). Interestingly, it is reported that living lactobacilli and bifidobacteria such as L. plantarum, L. rhamnosus, B. bifidum, and Bifidobacterium longum can improve the absorption and bioavailability of several essential elements like Ca, Mg, and Fe in both humans and animals (39)(40)(41)(42).…”

How Does Contamination of Rice Soils with Cd and Zn Cause High Incidence of Human Cd Disease in Subsistence Rice Farmers

“…Research using food levels of Cd has clearly shown that absorption of Cd is inhibited by Zn in the test meal [23][24][25]93] and strongly increased by Fe deficiency status of the individual [94][95][96]. Research by Reeves and collaborators attempted to clarify the role of the nutrient deficiencies of rice subsistence diets in increased Cd absorption [97].…”

Liver and Cadmium Toxicity

“…Foulkes [13] have proposed a two step process from the absorptive Cd movement from intestinal lumen into enterocytes, the first one consists of a non-specific binding of Cd to the luminal plasma membrane, and the second one the transport across the luminal plasma membrane into enterocytes. Some studies have demonstrated that Cd ions are taken up by the divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), and the metal transporter protein 1 (MTP1), which are located in the basolateral and the apical membranes of the enterocytes respectively [14]. A channel-like calcium transporter (CaT1) that mediates intestinal Ca absorption has also been involved in the absorption and tissue distribution of Cd [15].…”