Dietary intake of nickel and zinc by young children – Results from food duplicate portion measurements in comparison to data calculated from dietary records and available data on levels in food groups

Dietary exposure and risk assessment to lead of the population of Jiangsu province, China

“…Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages in expense, reliability and practicality (Wittsiepe et al 2009). TDS, sometimes called a market basket study, is a complementary approach to traditional monitoring and surveillance activities, but instead of focusing on compliance it is designed to provide a solid basis for calculating population dietary exposure and to estimate the impact on public health (EFSA, FAO & WHO 2011).…”

Níquel en alimentos y factores influyentes en sus niveles, ingesta, biodisponibilidad y toxicidad: una revisión

“…Estos investigadores también observaron que los productos vegetales producidos en áreas contaminadas por Ni contienen entre 2-10 veces más Ni que en zonas poco contaminadas. Wittsiepe et al (2009) aplicando la técnica de análisis de porciones duplicadas, encontraron niveles de ingesta de Ni en jóvenes alemanes que superaban el nivel máximo de 25-30 µg Ni/día fijado por la Sociedad Alemana de Nutrición. Estos investigadores refieren la notable influencia de la ingesta derivada del agua de bebida así como del procesado y cocinado de los alimentos.…”

“…Sin embargo, la concentración total de tales contaminantes en los alimentos no siempre refleja la fracción real bioaccesible y biodisponible para los seres humanos (Wittsiepe et al, 2009).…”

Evaluation of sample preparation methods and optimization of nickel determination in vegetable tissues

“…The phytotoxicity of Ni is a result of its action on the photosystem, causing disturbances in the Calvin cycle and inhibition of electrical transport because of the excessive quantities of ATP and NADPH accumulated by the inefficiency of dark reactions (Krupa et al, 1993). The element may be considered moderately toxic to the human metabolism in comparison to other transition metals and, according to Wittsiepe et al (2009), the biological role of this element in human metabolism is not evident. When inhaled or ingested, it may lead to serious complications, including cancer of the respiratory system (Ferreira et al, 2001;O'Neil et al, 2001).…”

“…Along with the greater need for environmental control, the demand for legislation and inspection for analysis of trace elements also increases. In the case of Ni, the concern is pertinent since this element is mostly absorbed via food consumption, leading to harmful effects on human health (O'Neil et al, 2001;Wittsiepe et al, 2009;ATSDR, 2010).…”