Dietary Inflammatory Index is Associated with Excessive Body Weight and Dietary Patterns in Subjects with Cardiometabolic Risk

Abstract

Unhealthy eating habits can trigger chronic inflammation in organs and tissues, and subsequent cardiovascular risk. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the potential association of Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII™) score with cardiometabolic risk factors and a priori and a posteriori dietary patterns in adults and elderly Brazilians (42 ± 16 years) from a health care program. This cross-sectional study was carried out with 248 individuals (138 women and 110 men) from a Cardiovascular Health Care Program of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa (PROCARDIO-UFV, ReBEC ID number: RBR-5n4y2g). Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, lifestyle and anthropometric data were assessed by standardized protocols. DII scores were calculated from a 24 h-recall, and dietary patterns were determined by a posteriori method, as Principal Component Analysis (PAC), and a priori method, as Healthy Eating Index (HEI). The mean DII was 0.15 ± 0.84. The subjects included in the most pro-inflammatory category(3rd tertile) were more likely to be individuals with excessive body weight, increased waist-to-hip ratio and lower quality diet assessed by PAC and HEI. The most pro-inflammatory diet was associated with excessive body weight as well as other worse dietary patterns.

Dietary Inflammatory Index is associated with Healthy Eating Index, Alternative Healthy Eating Index, and dietary patterns among Iranian adults

“…Few previous studies were focused on the relationship between DII, HEI, and AHEI, which are in agreement with our results 27‐29 . A cross‐sectional study among 248 individuals aged greater than 20 years reported that DII was inversely associated with HEI 28 .…”

“…Few previous studies were focused on the relationship between DII, HEI, and AHEI, which are in agreement with our results 27‐29 . A cross‐sectional study among 248 individuals aged greater than 20 years reported that DII was inversely associated with HEI 28 . Inverse association between the most pro‐inflammatory diet (higher DII) and healthier diets by calculating HEI and AHEI was also found 27,29 .…”

Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) and depression and anxiety in the Mashhad Stroke and Heart Atherosclerotic Disorder (MASHAD) Study population

“…Gibson-Smith et al showed that participants with depression/anxiety disorders consumed a poorer diet (with lower alternative healthy eating index [AHEI] and Mediterranean Diet Score [MDS]) in a 9-years follow-up cohort study [52]. HEI and AHEI reflect the diet quality and are associated with lower DII [53][54][55]. Philips et al showed a positive association between anxiety and DII (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.15-2.24, p = 0.006) by comparing the highest and the lowest tertiles of DII [56].…”

Adiposity and insulin resistance mediate the inverse association between legume intake and blood pressure: a cross-sectional analysis in secondary cardiovascular prevention

“…However, when a study aims to determine the average intake for a group or population, only a single R24h can be performed, especially when the sample size is large enough (75) . Additionally, this food survey has been used in epidemiological studies that evaluated the relation between food intake and cardiometabolic risk factors with promising results and acceptance by the scientific community (76)(77)(78)(79) . Finally, we did not measure serum histidine concentrations; however, plasma concentrations of amino acids may not directly reflect the consumption of these nutrients through the diet (20,80) .…”