Dietary habits are associated with the prevalence of type 2 diabetes: a study among a middle eastern population

Mahdi, Sajedeh; Mazidi, Mohsen; Davies, Ian G.; Beigrezaei, Sara; Mozaffari‐Khosravi, Hassan; Mirzaei, Masoud; Lane, Katie; Khayyatzadeh, Sayyed Saeid

doi:10.1017/jns.2022.56

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…This aligns with other previous studies [15,16]. Supporting our findings, a study conducted in Iran found an association between fried-food consumption and the risk of type 2 DM [43]. This review found that sweet food consumption was negatively associated with diabetes control, while a plant-based diet reduced triglyceride levels, increased HDL levels, and led to better diabetes management.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Influence of Eating Habits on Type 2 Diabetes in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review

Almutairi¹,

Alhomaid²,

Alshuaibi³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Several dietary factors are associated with an increased risk of diabetes in Saudi Arabia. The increasing consumption of processed and sugary foods, including fast food and sugary beverages, in recent decades along with the rising prevalence of diabetes indicate the necessity of exploring the influence of eating habits on diabetes in Saudi Arabia. That is why the association between eating habits and diabetes in Saudi Arabia has become a topic of increasing interest. Therefore, this systematic literature review aimed to explore the influence of eating habits on the prevalence of diabetes in Saudi Arabia by providing a comprehensive synthesis of existing evidence from studies conducted on this topic in Saudi Arabia. A systematic search was conducted using predefined search terms in electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Medline, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Studies investigating the relationship between eating habits and diabetes prevalence among the Saudi Arabian population were included. Data extraction was performed, and the quality of included studies was assessed using appropriate tools. The findings were synthesized and discussed. Understanding the association between eating habits and diabetes in Saudi Arabia is crucial for developing effective preventive and management strategies for diabetes and other non-communicable diseases and promoting healthier eating habits in Saudi Arabia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Influence of Eating Habits on Type 2 Diabetes in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review

Almutairi¹,

Alhomaid²,

Alshuaibi³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“…36 In contrast, in a study among the Iranian population, Mahdi et al suggested that no significant association exists between adding salt to prepared meals and the odds of T2DM. 37 Moreover, meta-analysis data from four observational studies showed no association between sodium intake and the prevalence of diabetes. 17 The substantial variance among these studies could be attributed to disparities in study designs, participant demographics, and, most importantly, different measures of salt intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, Radzeviciene et al reported an approximately 82% heightened risk of T2DM among participants who added salt to prepared meals compared with those who never 36 . In contrast, in a study among the Iranian population, Mahdi et al suggested that no significant association exists between adding salt to prepared meals and the odds of T2DM 37 . Moreover, meta‐analysis data from four observational studies showed no association between sodium intake and the prevalence of diabetes 17 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of a proinflammatory diet, habitual salt intake, and the onset of type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study from the UK Biobank

Shen,

Cai,

Wang

et al. 2024

Diabetes Obesity Metabolism

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AimTo explore the relationship between proinflammatory diet, habitual salt intake and the onset of type 2 diabetes.MethodsThis prospective study was conducted among 171 094 UK Biobank participants who completed at least one 24‐h dietary questionnaire and were free of diabetes at baseline. Participants were followed up until 1 March 2023 for type 2 diabetes incidence, with diagnosis information obtained from linked medical records. An Energy‐adjusted Diet Inflammatory Index (E‐DII) was calculated based on 28 food parameters. Habitual salt intake was determined through the self‐reported frequency of adding salt to foods. The associations between E‐DII, habitual salt intake and type 2 diabetes incidence were tested by the Cox proportional hazard regression model.ResultsOver a median follow‐up period of 13.5 years, 6216 cases of type 2 diabetes were documented. Compared with participants with a low E‐DII (indicative of an anti‐inflammatory diet), participants with a high E‐DII (indicative of a proinflammatory diet) had an 18% heightened risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The association between E‐DII and type 2 diabetes tends to be linear after adjustment for major confounders. Participants with a proinflammatory diet and always adding salt to foods had the highest risk of type 2 diabetes incidence (hazard ratio 1.60, 95% confidence interval 1.32‐1.94).ConclusionsOur findings indicate that a proinflammatory diet and higher habitual salt intake were associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. These results support the public health promotion of an anti‐inflammatory diet and reducing salt intake to prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes.

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“…Furthermore, another cohort study focused on postmenopausal women found that hazard rates and 95% confidence intervals were 1.38 (1.03, 1.84) for subjects who consumed meals four times per day compared with one to three times per day [ 16 ]. Moreover, a study based on an Iranian population showed that those who have six meals per day are at a higher risk of diabetes than those who eat three meals per day (OR: 2.503, 95% CI: 1.651, 3.793) [ 34 ]. Additionally, there were several studies that also revealed that plenty of health parameters could be improved by reducing energy intake, including glycemic control, β cell function, insulin resistance, lipid profiles, oxidative stress, and inflammation [ 19 , 21 , 24 , 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Meal Frequency and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rural Adults: A Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Study

et al. 2023

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Diet frequency may potentially influence metabolic health. However, general population-based evidence on the association between meal frequency and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains limited and inconclusive. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between meal frequency and T2DM in resource limited area. A total of 29,405 qualified participants were enrolled from the Henan rural cohort study. Data on meal frequency were collected through a validated face-to-face questionnaire survey. Logistic regression models were utilized to explore the association between meal frequency and T2DM. Compared with 21 times per week meal frequency group, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were 0.75 (0.58, 0.95) and 0.70 (0.54, 0.90) for 16–20 times/week group and 14–15 times/week group, respectively. For the analysis of the three meals, significant associations were only found between dinner frequency and T2DM. Compared with seven times per week dinner group, the ORs (95%CIs) were 0.66 (0.42, 0.99) and 0.51 (0.29, 0.82) for the group with three to six times/week and zero to two times/week. Reduced meal frequency, especially dinner frequency, was associated with lower prevalence of T2DM, which suggests that an appropriate reduction in meal frequency per week may have a role in decreasing the risk of T2DM.

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Dietary habits are associated with the prevalence of type 2 diabetes: a study among a middle eastern population

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

The Influence of Eating Habits on Type 2 Diabetes in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review

The Influence of Eating Habits on Type 2 Diabetes in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review

Associations of a proinflammatory diet, habitual salt intake, and the onset of type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study from the UK Biobank

Association between Meal Frequency and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rural Adults: A Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Study

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