Dietary Fiber-Induced Improvement in Glucose Metabolism Is Associated with Increased Abundance of Prevotella

Abstract

The gut microbiota plays an important role in human health by interacting with host diet, but there is substantial inter-individual variation in the response to diet. Here we compared the gut microbiota composition of healthy subjects who exhibited improved glucose metabolism following 3-day consumption of barley kernel-based bread (BKB) with those who responded least to this dietary intervention. The Prevotella/Bacteroides ratio was higher in responders than non-responders after BKB. Metagenomic analysis showed that the gut microbiota of responders was enriched in Prevotella copri and had increased potential to ferment complex polysaccharides after BKB. Finally, germ-free mice transplanted with microbiota from responder human donors exhibited improved glucose metabolism and increased abundance of Prevotella and liver glycogen content compared with germ-free mice that received non-responder microbiota. Our findings indicate that Prevotella plays a role in the BKB-induced improvement in glucose metabolism observed in certain individuals, potentially by promoting increased glycogen storage.

Consumption of a Bifidobacterium bifidum Strain for 4 Weeks Modulates Dominant Intestinal Bacterial Taxa and Fecal Butyrate in Healthy Adults

“…Finally, the species Prevotella copri was identified as strongly correlated with disease in new-onset untreated rheumatoid arthritis patients (61). However, increased abundance of P. copri has also been associated with dietary fiber-induced improvement in glucose and insulin responses (62). In addition, low Prevotellaceae levels have been reported in patients with type 1 diabetes (63) and children with autism (64).…”

Gut Microbiota and Host Metabolism: What Relationship

“…Accordingly, dietary interventions assumed to favor metabolic health, i.e. based on protein supplementation [5,11] or on supplementation in soluble dietary fibers, were shown to increase intestinal microbiota diversity in obese people [5,12,13]. These studies initiated the widespread idea that gut microbiota dysbiosis could have a causal role in determining the evolution toward obesity and deregulated glucose metabolism and further type 2 diabetes [4][5][6][7]11].…”

“…IGN indeed is a gut function initiating various metabolic benefits by generating a gut-brain nervous signal that positively interferes in energy homeostasis and glucose control [23]. Finally, Prevotella was shown to act positively in glucose control both by activating IGN as a substrate, but also via succinate-independent mechanisms, which remain to be deciphered [13,22].…”

“…A second example is Prevotella copri, a bacterium proliferating in human subjects that positively respond to prebiotic feeding in terms of glucose control [13]. Prevotella given by gavage in mice contributes to the improvements in glucose control in the presence of dietary fiber.…”

Microbiote intestinal, la clé pour une meilleure alimentation ?

“…Dans cette même étude, les auteurs ont montré que l'amélioration des paramètres d'inflammation apportée par l'intervention nutritionnelle était accrue dans le cas d'un microbiote « riche ». Dans une autre étude, Kovatcheva et al ont rapporté que les individus en bonne santé présentant une plus grande abondance de Prevotella copri ont mieux répondu à un régime de trois jours enrichi en orge, que ceux ayant des niveaux inférieurs de cette bactérie, cela résultant d'une amélioration du métabolisme du glucose apportée par la bactérie [31]. De même, les effets d'un produit laitier …”