Dietary Fiber, Gastric Emptying, and Carbohydrate Digestion: A Mini‐Review

Qi, Xin; Al‐Ghazzewi, Farage H.; Tester, Richard F.

doi:10.1002/star.201700346

Cited by 46 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…The Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (Anvisa) reports that a cereal bar can be classified as a high content dietary fibers product if contains at least 6 g of fibers /100 g to act as a physiological functional fiber source, (Obrigatória, 2005) while also able reduce the risk of diseases, to be categorized as a functional product (Fuller, Beck, Salman, & Tapsell, 2016). In addition, fiber‐rich foods are indicated against intestinal disturbances (Qi, Al‐Ghazzewi, & Tester, 2018), diabetes (InterAct Consortium, 2015), atherosclerosis (Wu et al, 2003), and cancer (Kunzmann et al, 2015). In this context, the cereal bars produced have a great market perspective, emerging as a new product with functional characteristics.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanosuspension of pinhão seed coat development for a new high‐functional cereal bar

Timm

Lima

Matos

et al. 2020

J Food Process Preserv

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The seeds from Araucaria angustifolia—commonly named as pinhão—are important culturally, and viable regional food from Brazil. Although now considered an endangered species, methods to increase the awareness of this tree have been called upon attention. In light upon increasing such awareness, we utilized the seed coats of pinhão, which is considered a residue and discarded, in the development of cereal bars. Although the raw seed coats have a very high astringent flavor and impair the sensory taste; if considered as a nanoformulation, this strong astringent flavor is masked. Therefore, studies were also carried out with an experimental design to understand the effect of nanosuspension as a binding agent. In addition to physicochemical and nutritional characteristics performed, the results propose that nanosuspension of pinhão seed coats can be a potential ingredient for functional cereal bars due to high fiber content, proteins, and phenolic compounds. Practical applications Nanosuspension of pinhão seed coats masks the astringent flavor of the raw seed coat, while also able to present high fiber content and is very resistant as cereal bar due to nanocellulose. Cereal bars also present good acceptability index and high values of proteins, with presence of phenolics compounds extracted from the seed coat.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanosuspension of pinhão seed coat development for a new high‐functional cereal bar

Timm

Lima

Matos

et al. 2020

J Food Process Preserv

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“…Some dietary fibre affects the digestion rate by reducing gastric emptying, limiting digestive enzyme activity, and restricting the rate and extent of nutrient absorption in the gut. After ingestion, dietary fibre passes through the oesophagus and stomach and reaches the small intestine followed by fermentation by the microbiota in the caecum and colon, and finally, absorption by the host (Qi, Al‐Ghazzewi, & Tester, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota‐dependent and ‐independent effects of dietary fibre on human health

Cai

Folkerts

et al. 2019

British J Pharmacology

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Dietary fibre, such as indigestible oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, occurs in many foods and has gained considerable importance related to its beneficial effects on host health and specific diseases. Dietary fibre is neither digested nor absorbed in the small intestine and modulates the composition of the gut microbiota. New evidence indicates that dietary fibre also interacts directly with the epithelium and immune cells throughout the gastrointestinal tract by microbiota‐independent effects. This review focuses on how dietary fibre improves human health and the reported health benefits that are connected to molecular pathways, in (a) a microbiota‐independent manner, via interaction with specific surface receptors on epithelial and immune cells regulating intestinal barrier and immune function, and (b) a microbiota‐dependent manner via maintaining intestinal homeostasis by promoting beneficial microbes, including Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli, limiting the growth, adhesion, and cytotoxicity of pathogenic microbes, as well as stimulating fibre‐derived microbial short‐chain fatty acid production. Linked Articles This article is part of a themed section on The Pharmacology of Nutraceuticals. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.6/issuetoc

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“…Foods rich in dietary fiber, especially soluble fiber, have been reported in several previous studies to slow gastric emptying rate [ 30 , 31 , 32 ]. This is largely a result of fiber’s high water-holding capacity and viscosity, both of which increase gastrointestinal fullness and limit the ability of food particles to enter the duodenum [ 33 , 34 ]. However, not all studies have reported such effects [ 35 , 36 ]; one study reported that consumption of 15 g of bran twice daily for four days had no effect on gastric emptying rate in healthy human subjects [ 35 ], while other studies reported that healthy human subjects who consumed high fiber products, containing either 5% cellulose or low (2.5%) or high (5%) doses of alginate or a type 3 resistant starch (retrograded amylose) exhibited accelerated gastric emptying rates [ 36 , 37 ], consistent with our findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A High Amylose Wheat Diet Improves Gastrointestinal Health Parameters and Gut Microbiota in Male and Female Mice

Lim

Choo

et al. 2021

Foods

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High amylose wheat (HAW) contains more resistant starch than standard amylose wheat (SAW) and may have beneficial effects on gastrointestinal health. However, it is currently unclear whether these effects differ according to the level of HAW included in the diet or between males and females. Male and female C57BL/6 mice (n = 8/group/sex) were fed SAW65 (65% SAW; control), HAW35 (35% HAW), HAW50 (50% HAW) or HAW65 (65% HAW) diet for eight weeks. Female but not male, mice consuming any amount of HAW exhibited accelerated gastric emptying compared to SAW65 group. In both sexes, relative colon weights were higher in the HAW65 group compared to SAW65 group and in females, relative weights of the small intestine and cecum were also higher in the HAW65 group. In females only, colonic expression of Pyy and Ocln mRNAs were higher in the HAW65 group compared to HAW35 and HAW50 groups. In both sexes, mice consuming higher amounts of HAW (HAW50 or HAW65) had increased fecal bacterial load and relative abundance of Bacteroidetes phylum and reduced relative abundance of Firmicutes compared to SAW65 group. These data are consistent with a beneficial impact of HAW on gastrointestinal health and indicate dose-dependent and sex-specific effects of HAW consumption.

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Dietary Fiber, Gastric Emptying, and Carbohydrate Digestion: A Mini‐Review

Cited by 46 publications

References 52 publications

Nanosuspension of pinhão seed coat development for a new high‐functional cereal bar

Nanosuspension of pinhão seed coat development for a new high‐functional cereal bar

Microbiota‐dependent and ‐independent effects of dietary fibre on human health

A High Amylose Wheat Diet Improves Gastrointestinal Health Parameters and Gut Microbiota in Male and Female Mice

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