Dietary fiber content affects growth, body composition, and feed intake and their associations with a major growth locus in growing male chickens of an advanced intercross population

Nassar, M. K.; Lyu, Shijie; Zentek, Jürgen; Brockmann, Gudrun A.

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2019.07.015

Cited by 16 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Broilers fed diets diluted with relatively high concentrations of LC of 5% to 15% showed a marked decrease in average daily gain with increasing concentrations of dietary LC, while feed intake tended to increase with increasing concentrations of LC [ 31 ]. On the contrary, broiler productivity seems to be unaffected by relatively high dietary LC inclusion levels up to 10% when diets were composed to be isoenergetic and isonitrogenous [ 25 , 39 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignocellulose as an insoluble fiber source in poultry nutrition: a review

Röhe

Zentek

2021

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Extensive research in recent years into the use of various fiber sources in poultry nutrition has led to the perception that dietary fiber is more than a simple diet diluent. Several studies showed that the feeding of insoluble fiber sources such as oat hulls, sunflower hulls or wood shavings may affect digestive physiology and function improving chickens health and growth performance. In this context, the effect of lignocellulose as an insoluble dietary fiber source is increasingly being investigated. Lignocellulose is a component of plant cell walls and consists mainly of the insoluble carbohydrate polymers cellulose and hemicelluloses as well as the phenolic polymer lignin. Lignocellulose is chemically and physicochemically different from other insoluble fiber sources and thus possibly has different effects on poultry compared to traditional fiber sources. Several studies investigated the effect of dietary lignocellulose on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, gastrointestinal tract development and intestinal microbiota in broilers and laying hens. Studies differed in terms of feed formulation and lignocellulose inclusion level as well as products of different suppliers were used. The results obtained are inconsistent; beneficial, indifferent or detrimental effects of feeding lignocellulose were observed, so that a final assessment of lignocellulose as a “novel” insoluble fiber source is difficult. This review article summarizes the results of studies in connection with the feeding of lignocellulose to poultry, compares them with those that have used other insoluble fiber sources and illuminates the possible mechanisms of action.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignocellulose as an insoluble fiber source in poultry nutrition: a review

Röhe

Zentek

2021

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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“…Results showed that broiler performance was not affected by feeding varying concentrations of lignocellulose. The feeding of diets with similar energy and protein content, containing 0.8 and 5% lignocellulose, also did not affect the performance parameters of 13-week-old slow growing broilers ( Nassar et al. 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of feeding different levels of lignocellulose on performance, nutrient digestibility, excreta dry matter, and intestinal microbiota in slow growing broilers

et al. 2020

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Lignocellulose is a constituent of plant cell walls and might be used as a fiber source in poultry nutrition. The current study investigated the impact of increasing dietary levels of lignocellulose on performance, nutrient digestibility, excreta DM, intestinal microbiota, and bacterial metabolites in slow growing broilers. At an age of 10 wk, 60 male broilers of an intercross line (New Hampshire × White Leghorn) were allocated to cages and fed isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets containing 0.8% ( LC1 ), 5% ( LC2 ), or 10% ( LC3 ) lignocellulose. After 23 D of feeding, broilers were killed and digesta samples of ileum and excreta analyzed for nutrient digestibility and DM. Cecal contents were analyzed for microbial composition and metabolites. Broiler performance was not affected by feeding dietary lignocellulose. LC3 fed broilers showed reduced ileal digestibility of protein compared to chickens fed LC1 ( P = 0.003). Moreover, increasing levels of dietary lignocellulose reduced apparent digestibility of organic matter and gross energy ( P < 0.001). Feeding of lignocellulose had no impact on the excreta DM of broilers. Increasing levels of dietary lignocellulose lowered cecal counts of Escherichia / Hafnia / Shigella ( P = 0.029) and reduced the total concentration of short-chain fatty acids ( P < 0.001), lactate ( P < 0.05), and ammonia ( P = 0.009). The molar ratio of cecal acetic acid was higher in LC3 fed broilers ( P < 0.001), while the proportions of cecal propionic acid and n-butyric acid were higher in LC1 and LC2 fed chickens ( P < 0.001). Correlation analyses indicated that dietary lignocellulose was negatively related to the total concentration of cecal bacterial metabolites ( P < 0.001). In conclusion, the feeding of lignocellulose did not affect growth performance, but impaired nutrient digestibility of slow growing broilers. While minor changes in cecal microbial composition were detected, cecal bacterial metabolite concentrations were significantly reduced with increasing levels of dietary lignocellulose. These findings suggest that lignocellulose is not extensively degraded by bacteria residing in the large intestine of broilers.

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“…This may be due to the transfer of energy from the breakdown of fat to the production of muscle. Previous research also indicates that dietary fiber supplementation could increase broiler muscle content and the slaughter rate of poultry [32]. However, to our best knowledge, there are only a few studies into the cause of increased muscle weight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To achieve or exceed the nutritional requirements of the broilers, according to NRC 1994, all diets were recalculated and the proximate composition was analyzed according to the AOAC (2012) [14] to determine the gross energy and crude protein levels ( Table 1). The starter diet was provided for the first 21 days, and the finisher diet provided for days [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. Body weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion rate (FCR) were measured on 21-and 35-day-old broilers.…”

Section: Animal Experiments Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Waste Mushroom Compost as a Feed Supplement and Its Effects on the Fat Metabolism and Antioxidant Capacity of Broilers

Chuang

Liu

Tsai

et al. 2020

Animals

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Simple Summary: Mushroom waste compost is the main byproduct when cultivating mushrooms. Due to its high mycelium content, mushroom waste compost may improve animal health by increasing antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, increasing evidence suggests that supplementing animal diets with fiber could improve body composition and health. The results showed that supplementation with mushroom waste compost accelerates adipolysis and enhances the antioxidant capacity of broilers. Among all treatment groups, broilers given dietary supplementation with 0.5% mushroom waste compost showed improved feed conversion rate and the highest adipose metabolism.Abstract: Pennisetum purpureum Schum No. 2 waste mushroom compost (PWMC) is the main byproduct when cultivating Pleurotus eryngii. Due to the high mycelium levels in PWMC, it may have potential as a feed supplement for broilers. This study investigated the effects of PWMC supplementation on antioxidant capacity and adipose metabolism in broilers. In the study, 240 broilers were randomly allocated to one of four treatment groups: basal diet (control), 0.5%, 1%, or 2% PWMC supplementation. Each treatment group had 60 broilers, divided into three replicates. The results showed that supplementation with 0.5% PWMC decreased the feed conversion rate (FCR) from 1.36 to 1.28, compared to the control. Supplementation with 0.5% or 2% PWMC decreased glucose and triglyceride levels, compared to the control (p < 0.0001), the concentrations of adiponectin and oxytocin increased from 5948 to 5709, 11820, and 7938 ng/ mL; and 259 to 447, 873, and 963 pg/ mL, respectively. Toll-like receptor 4 was slightly increased in the 0.5% and 1% PWMC groups. Both interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) were significantly decreased, by about three to five times for IFN-γ (p < 0.0001) and 1.1 to 1.6 times for IL-1ß (p = 0.0002). All antioxidant-related mRNA, including nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) and superoxidase dismutase-1 (SOD-1), increased significantly following PWMC supplementation. Both claudin-1 and zonula occludens 1 increased, especially in the 2% PWMC group. Excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (EAAT3) significantly increased by about 5, 12, and 11 times in the 0.5%, 1%, and 2% PWMC groups. All adipolysis-related mRNA were induced in the PWMC treatment groups, further enhancing adipolysis. Overall, 0.5% PWMC supplementation was recommended due to its improving FCR, similar antioxidant capacity, and upregulated adipolysis.

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Dietary fiber content affects growth, body composition, and feed intake and their associations with a major growth locus in growing male chickens of an advanced intercross population

Cited by 16 publications

References 24 publications

Lignocellulose as an insoluble fiber source in poultry nutrition: a review

Lignocellulose as an insoluble fiber source in poultry nutrition: a review

Effect of feeding different levels of lignocellulose on performance, nutrient digestibility, excreta dry matter, and intestinal microbiota in slow growing broilers

Evaluation of Waste Mushroom Compost as a Feed Supplement and Its Effects on the Fat Metabolism and Antioxidant Capacity of Broilers

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