Dietary fat intakes in Irish adults in 2011: how much has changed in 10 years?

Li, Kaifeng; McNulty, Breige; Tiernery, Ann M.; Devlin, Niamh; Joyce, Triona; Leite, João Costa; Flynn, Albert; Walton, Janette; Brennan, Lorraine; Gibney, Michael J.; Nugent, Anne P.

doi:10.1017/s0007114516000787

Cited by 37 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Similar to previous studies, participants in the high processed red meat pattern were typically older and of a lower social class; 29 % were current smokers with a significantly lower AHEI score and dietary fibre intake and greater SFA intakes. This is consistent with the findings of the study by Li et al in which older participants presented greater SFA intakes ( 28 ) . However, unlike other analyses investigating processed red meat and disease risk, the current study had access to a suite of blood biomarkers of CVD and T2D, to complement the dietary intake data.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Processed red meat contribution to dietary patterns and the associated cardio-metabolic outcomes

Lenighan

Nugent

et al. 2017

Br J Nutr

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Evidence suggests that processed red meat consumption is a risk factor for CVD and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This analysis investigates the association between dietary patterns, their processed red meat contributions, and association with blood biomarkers of CVD and T2D, in 786 Irish adults (18-90 years) using cross-sectional data from a 2011 national food consumption survey. All meat-containing foods consumed were assigned to four food groups (n 502) on the basis of whether they contained red or white meat and whether they were processed or unprocessed. The remaining foods (n 2050) were assigned to twenty-nine food groups. Two-step and k-means cluster analyses were applied to derive dietary patterns. Nutrient intakes, plasma fatty acids and biomarkers of CVD and T2D were assessed. A total of four dietary patterns were derived. In comparison with the pattern with lower contributions from processed red meat, the dietary pattern with greater processed red meat intakes presented a poorer Alternate Healthy Eating Index (21·2 (sd 7·7)), a greater proportion of smokers (29 %) and lower plasma EPA (1·34 (sd 0·72) %) and DHA (2·21 (sd 0·84) %) levels (P<0·001). There were no differences in classical biomarkers of CVD and T2D, including serum cholesterol and insulin, across dietary patterns. This suggests that the consideration of processed red meat consumption as a risk factor for CVD and T2D may need to be re-assessed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Processed red meat contribution to dietary patterns and the associated cardio-metabolic outcomes

Lenighan

Nugent

et al. 2017

Br J Nutr

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“…35 In these studies TFs consumption was higher than 0.491 grams per day median TFs consumption and 28.84 grams per day median fats consumption as reported in our study. 31,[33][34][35] In this study the median fat consumed from snacks in the urban area was 2.12 grams per day, which was marginally higher than 1.59 grams per day in the rural area. In Ghosh et al study, the median fat consumed from snacks with low SES in the urban area was 10.80 grams per day and 1.00 gram per day with low SES in the rural area.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

“…The mean fats intake was 78.70 grams per day in 18-35 years old females, 72.80 grams/day in 36-50 years old and 71.90 grams per day in 51-64 years old females. 33 In the 2008 national survey in Canada by 24 hour dietary recall in 10583 females 19 years and above, the mean TFs consumption was 2.870 grams per day. 34 In a 2008-2009 national survey in the UK, by four days dietary recall, it was found that mean TFs intake in 434 women in the UK was 1.600 grams per day in 19-64 years old age group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of the trans fats and fats in adult females in urban and rural areas of Ludhiana: a population-based study

Maakhni¹,

Singh²,

Kamra³

2019

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Foods prepared in hotels and restaurants are very high in TFs, and we are witnessing an alarming increase in the urban population who eat outside. 4 Especially in modern India, fast foods and street eating joints are becoming part of our lifestyle. Also, alarmingly about 400,000 tonnes of snacks, which are largely prepared in TFs are consumed every year. 5 Major dietary sources of TFs in India are deep-fried fast foods such as samosas, baked products, packed snack foods, margarine and crackers. 5The use of TFs does not end here, though the WHO recommends that TFs intake to be less than 1 percent of ABSTRACT Background: In India, fast foods are becoming part of our daily lifestyle. Foods prepared in restaurants are very high in trans fats (TFs). Also, alarmingly about 400,000 tonnes of snacks, which are largely prepared in TFs are consumed every year. According to recent studies, TFs levels are 5 to 12 times higher in the oils consumed in India as compared to the world standard. The WHO recommends that TFs intake be less than 1 percent of total caloric intake. The objective of the study was to assess the consumption of TFs and fats in foods by the population in urban and rural areas. Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional study. All adult females above 18 years of age who took an active part in kitchen were interviewed. Their dietary patterns were assessed. The sampling was done using a systematic random sampling technique and 200 participants each in rural and urban areas were selected. Results: 12 percent participants in the urban area and 9 percent participants in the rural area were exceeding WHO limit of less than 1 percent TFs consumption. The median value of TFs consumption was higher in urban area (0.575 grams/day) than in rural area (0.427 grams/day). Conclusions:The study concludes that 12 percent participants in the urban area and 9 percent participants in the rural area were exceeding TFs consumption. Therefore, a proactive approach to ensure that these WHO regulations have the full intended effect needs to be taken.

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“…We have previously shown that FFAs cause β cell damage mainly by apoptosis in vitro [7] and by ER stress in mice [8]. The serum composition of FFAs in humans differs from race to race, and from environment to environment, because it reflects the average fat intake in the preceding days [9–12]. Despite intensive in vitro and in vivo studies to elucidate the impairment of insulin's action induced by chronic elevation of FFAs, however, the physiological interactions whereby the chronic effects of fatty acids on pancreatic beta cells affect insulin's action on glucose and insulin resistance remain unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between Composition of Major Fatty Acids and Fat Distribution and Insulin Resistance in Japanese

Fujii

Kawai

Azuma

et al. 2017

Journal of Diabetes Research

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Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationships between the composition of free fatty acids (FFAs) and metabolic parameters, including body fat distribution, in Japanese. Methods. The study subjects were 111 Japanese patients (54 males, 57 females). Metabolic parameters and visceral and subcutaneous fat areas as determined by CT scanning at the umbilical level were measured. Glucose tolerance test (GTT) was performed by administering 75 g glucose orally. Results. The percentage of linoleic acid (C18:2), the greatest constituent among FFAs, was negatively correlated with visceral fat area (r = −0.411, p < 0.0001), fasting glucose (r = −0.330, p < 0.0001), HbA1c (r = −0.231, p = 0.0146), and systolic blood pressure (r = −0.224, p = 0.0184). Linoleic acid percentage was also significantly negatively correlated with HOMA-IR (r = −0.416, p < 0.0001) by simple correlation. Based on the findings of OGTT, the 111 subjects were classified into three groups: 33 with normal glucose tolerance, 71 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and 7 diabetic subjects. The percentage of serum linoleic acid in diabetic subjects was significantly lower than that in normal subjects. Conclusion. We conclude that serum linoleic acid level is negatively correlated with the accumulation of visceral fat in relation to a reduction of insulin resistance in Japanese subjects.

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Dietary fat intakes in Irish adults in 2011: how much has changed in 10 years?

Cited by 37 publications

References 32 publications

Processed red meat contribution to dietary patterns and the associated cardio-metabolic outcomes

Processed red meat contribution to dietary patterns and the associated cardio-metabolic outcomes

Consumption of the trans fats and fats in adult females in urban and rural areas of Ludhiana: a population-based study

Relationships between Composition of Major Fatty Acids and Fat Distribution and Insulin Resistance in Japanese

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