Dietary fat intake and weight gain in women genetically predisposed for obesity

Heitmann, Berit Lilienthal; Lissner, Lauren; Sørensen, Thorkild I A; Bengtsson, Calle

doi:10.1093/ajcn/61.6.1213

Cited by 183 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This indicates that an increase in childhood exposure to high fat diets may be one factor responsible for the increasing prevalence of obesity and the increase in the penetrance of obesity in a susceptible subgroup may re¯ect a genetically determined differential response to high dietary fat intake. 18,19 Our ®ndings of an increase also in the median BMI may call for alternative or supplementary hypotheses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Short Communication - Continued increase in prevalence of obesity in Danish young men

Sabroe

Gillman

et al. 1997

Int J Obes

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BACKGROUND: Previous studies of Danish young men showed a steep increase of obesity since the birth years of the early 1940s with a levelling off in the 1950s. OBJECTIVE: To study the current prevalence of obesity and its recent changes in Danish young men. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study based on weight and height measured at the military board for the birth cohorts 1955, 1965 and 1973±75. SUBJECTS: We obtained information from the old paper ®les comprising the two cohorts of men born in 1955 (6549 adults) and 1965 (6404 adults) and prospectively examined 4300 from the birth cohorts 1973±75 in a conscription district in Denmark during the period 1 August 1993 to 31 July 1994. RESULTS: The prevalence of obesity (de®ned as body mass index (BMI) ! 30 kg/m 2 ) was 1.5% in 1955, 2.1% in 1965 and 4.6% in 1973±75 birth cohorts. The median BMI has increased during the period from 21.7±22.8 kg/m 2 . CONCLUSION: Obesity is relatively common and has increased among Danish young men.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Short Communication - Continued increase in prevalence of obesity in Danish young men

Sabroe

Gillman

et al. 1997

Int J Obes

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“…PA and fibre intake were considered because significant associations were found in the fully adjusted mixed linear models (Table 3) and fat intake because G £ E interactions have been previously reported 6 . Figure 1 shows Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A preference for fruits, vegetables and grain products, as well as intake of these food items, also seems to be partly genetically determined 5 . With respect to weight change, a particular sensitivity to dietary fat has been reported among women with a familial predisposition to obesity 6 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity, diet and gene–environment interactions in relation to body mass index and waist circumference: The Swedish Young Male Twins Study

Karnehed

Tynelius²,

Heitmann

et al. 2006

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine the relationships between genetic susceptibility to obesity, physical activity (PA), dietary fibre, sugar and fat intakes and 4-year changes in body mass index (BMI) and attained waist circumference (WC) in a cohort of 287 monozygotic and 189 dizygotic young adult male twin pairs. Increased knowledge about interactions between genes and environment may provide insight into why some individuals are more prone to obesity than others. Design: Information about PA, BMI, dietary habits, WC and potential confounders was collected by questionnaire in 1998 and 2002. The cohort data were analysed by mixed linear models. Results: Twins with low PA attained larger WC than twins with high PA (difference 2.5 cm; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3, 3.6). The twins with the lowest fibre intake were found to have attained the highest WC and to have increased most in BMI (difference between highest and lowest fibre intakes: 1.6 cm, 95% CI 0.4, 2.9 and 0.45 kg m 22 , 95% CI 0.15, 0.76, respectively). Furthermore, our results suggested the presence of interactions so that twins with genetic susceptibility to obesity were more prone to have larger WC if sedentary than twins without genetic susceptibility. Conclusion: PA and a diet rich in fibre may be protective against weight gain among younger adult men. An interaction between PA, genes and attained WC is a novel finding which needs confirmation by other studies.

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“…These results reinforce previous results suggesting that diet is related to weight gain, particularly among those with a genetic predisposition to obesity. 42 Indeed, a familial predisposition to obesity predicted sensitivity to a high-fat diet among Swedish women, 42 suggesting that the relation between diet and obesity is modified by genes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between dietary patterns and obesity phenotypes

et al. 2009

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Objective: To examine whether dietary patterns are associated with obesity phenotypes. Design: Cross-sectional study. Subjects: We recruited 664 participants aged between 18 and 55 years. Dietary data were collected from a food frequency questionnaire. A factor analysis was performed to derive dietary patterns. Body mass index (BMI), weight and waist girth were recorded using standard procedures. Fat mass and fat-free mass were assessed by electrical bioimpedance. Obesity was defined as having a BMIX30 kg m À2 and a positive FHO (FHO þ ) as having at least one obese first-degree relative. Results: Two dietary patterns were identified; Western and Prudent. The Western pattern was mainly characterized by a higher consumption of refined grains, French fries, red meats, condiments, processed meats and regular soft drinks whereas the Prudent pattern was mainly characterized by a higher consumption of non-hydrogenated fat, vegetables, eggs and fish and seafood. Subjects in the top tertile of the Western pattern had higher BMI, weight, waist girth, waist-to-hip ratio and fat mass than those in the lower tertile. In contrast, subjects in the top tertile of the Prudent pattern had lower BMI, weight, waist girth, fat mass, HDL-cholesterol levels, and lower triglyceride levels than those in the lowest tertile. Individuals in the upper tertile of the Western pattern were more likely to be obese (obesity was defined as having a BMIX30 kg m À2 ) (OR ¼ 1.82, 95% CI 1.16-2.87) whereas those in the upper tertile of the Prudent pattern were less likely to be obese (OR ¼ 0.62, 95% CI 0.40-0.96). These latter significant associations were only observed among those with FHO þ . No such association was observed among FHOÀ individuals. Conclusion: Individuals having a high score of Western pattern were more likely to be obese and those having a high score of the Prudent pattern were less likely to be obese, and this is particularly among individuals with an FHO þ .

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Dietary fat intake and weight gain in women genetically predisposed for obesity

Cited by 183 publications

References 7 publications

Short Communication - Continued increase in prevalence of obesity in Danish young men

Short Communication - Continued increase in prevalence of obesity in Danish young men

Physical activity, diet and gene–environment interactions in relation to body mass index and waist circumference: The Swedish Young Male Twins Study

Associations between dietary patterns and obesity phenotypes

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