Dietary docosahexaenoic acid contributes to increased bone mineral accretion and strength in young female Sprague-Dawley rats

Farahnak, Zahra; Freundorfer, Marie; Lavery, Paula; Weiler, Hope A.

doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2019.04.005

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Interestingly, mice who consumed the PUFA diet also showed increased overall levels of bone strength when compared with all other groups. The increase in ultimate, fracture and yield strength observed is similar to other studies over comparable feed durations [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Although not significant, tibiae in the PUFA group also showed a higher cross-sectional moment of inertia, with the bone potentially adjusting its cross-sectional area to become more mechanically robust.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…A recent study by Mak et al [ 48 ] investigated rodents fed a PUFA diet and reported no change in OCN and OPN serum levels. No changes in calcium and OCN following 10 weeks of consumption has also been described [ 18 ], with significantly increased levels of OCN measured by 12.9 weeks [ 49 ], and 25.7 weeks [ 19 ] of feed. Notably, after 22 weeks of PUFA, total procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide and osteoblastic function significantly increased when compared to control-fed rats [ 50 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the quantity of fat in the diet, the type of dietary fat may also be an important determinant of bone health. While saturated fat is typically regarded as a promoter of bone resorption and inhibitor of bone formation [ 6 , 12 , 13 , 14 ], a diet high in polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs) has been reported to significantly increase bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD) [ 15 , 16 ], bone stiffness, peak load and bone strength [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Polyunsaturated fats are classified into omega-3 (ω-3) and omega-6 (ω-6) fatty acids (FAs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Omega-9 Modifies Viscoelasticity and Augments Bone Strength and Architecture in a High-Fat Diet-Fed Murine Model

et al. 2022

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The influence of diet on the development of osteoporosis is significant and not fully understood. This study investigated the effect of diets of varying lipid profiles and ω-3, ω-6 and ω-9 composition on the structural and mechanical properties of bone. The hypothesis studied was that a diet high in saturated fat would induce osteoporosis and produce an overall increased detrimental bony response when compared with a diet high in unsaturated ω-6, or ω-9. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed either a control diet, 50:50 mix (saturated:unsaturated) high in ω-9 (HFD50:50), a diet high in saturated fat (HSF) or a polyunsaturated fat diet high in ω-6 (PUFA) over an 8-week duration. Tibiae were retrieved and evaluated using DMA, 3-point-bending, histomorphometry, and microCT. Mice fed a HSF diet displayed key features characteristic of osteoporosis. The loss tangent was significantly increased in the HFD50:50 diet group compared with control (p = 0.016) and PUFA-fed animals (p = 0.049). HFD50:50-fed mice presented with an increased viscous component, longer tibiae, increased loss modulus (p = 0.009), and ultimate stress, smaller microcracks (p < 0.001), and increased trabecular width (p = 0.002) compared with control animals. A diet high in ω-9 resulted in an overall superior bone response and further analysis of its role in bone health is warranted.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Omega-9 Modifies Viscoelasticity and Augments Bone Strength and Architecture in a High-Fat Diet-Fed Murine Model

et al. 2022

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“…Besides, the DHA blood concentration is positively associated with BMD in healthy men (16). A DHA-rich diet increases bone density and the trabecular number, decreases trabecular separation, and contributes to peak bone mass in mice and rats (17,18). Moreover, increased dietary intake of DHA aids in bone formation, inducing and preserving bone mass due to an increase in mesenchymal stem cells (19) and their maturation to osteoblasts (20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Docosahexaenoic acid improves altered mineralization proteins, the decreased quality of hydroxyapatite crystals and suppresses oxidative stress induced by high glucose

et al. 2022

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Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) experience an increased risk of fractures and a variety of bone pathologies, such as osteoporosis. The suggested mechanisms of increased fracture risk in DM2 include chronic hyperglycaemia, which provokes oxidative stress, alters bone matrix, and decreases the quality of hydroxyapatite crystals. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid, can increase bone formation, reduce bone loss, and it possesses antioxidant/anti-inflammatory properties. The present study aimed to determine the effect of DHA on altered osteoblast mineralisation and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by high glucose concentrations. A human osteoblast cell line was treated with 5.5 mM glucose (NG) or 24 mM glucose (HG), alone or in combination with 10 or 20 µM DHA. The collagen type 1 (Col1) scaffold, the expression of osteocalcin (OCN) and bone sialoprotein type-II (BSP-II), the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) specific activity, the mineral quality, the production of ROS and the mRNA expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (NRF2) were analysed. Osteoblasts cultured in HG and treated with either DHA concentration displayed an improved distribution of the Col1 scaffold, increased OCN and BSP-II expression, increased NRF2 mRNA, decreased ALP activity, carbonate substitution and reduced ROS production compared with osteoblasts cultured in HG alone. DHA counteracts the adverse effects of HG on bone mineral matrix quality and reduces oxidative stress, possibly by increasing the expression of NRF2.

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“…Dietary recommendations for achieving and maintaining bone mass include adequate intakes of calcium and vitamin D [4], yet ~50% and 95%, respectively, of Americans fail to meet the requirements [5]. Other dietary constituents, such as fatty acids and polyphenols, impact bone integrity, as indicated by epidemiological, animal and in vitro studies [6][7][8][9][10]. However, this function of fatty acids and polyphenols is understudied and incompletely understood in the context of bone 2 of 20 health, likely due to research emphasis on the association of dietary fat and oxidative stress to cardiovascular disease [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Hempseed Consumption on Bone Parameters and Body Composition in Growing Female C57BL/6 Mice

Blanton

Barrott

Kunz

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Optimizing peak bone mass is critical to healthy aging. Beyond the established roles of dietary minerals and protein on bone integrity, fatty acids and polyphenols modify bone structure. This study investigated the effect of a diet containing hempseeds (HS), which are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols, on bone mineral density, bone cell populations and body composition. Groups (n = 8 each) of female C57BL/6 mice were fed one of three diets (15% HS by weight; 5% HS; 0% HS (control)) from age 5 to 30 weeks. In vivo whole-body composition and bone mineral density and content were measured every 4 weeks using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Ex vivo humeri cell populations in the epiphyseal plate region were determined by sectioning the bone longitudinally, mounting the sections on slides and staining with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase stain to identify osteoclasts and osteoblasts, respectively. Mixed models with repeated measures across experimental weeks showed that neither body weight nor body weight gain across weeks differed among groups yet mice fed the 15% HS diet consumed significantly more food and more kilocalories per g body weight gained than those fed the 5% HS and control diets (p < 0.0001). Across weeks, fat mass was significantly higher in the 5% HS versus the control group (p = 0.02). At the end point, whole-body bone mineral content was significantly higher in the control compared to the 5% HS group (p = 0.02). Humeri from both HS groups displayed significantly lower osteoblast densities compared to the control group (p < 0.0001). No relationship was seen between osteoblast density and body composition measurements. These data invite closer examination of bone cell activity and microarchitecture to determine the effect of habitual HS consumption on bone integrity.

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Dietary docosahexaenoic acid contributes to increased bone mineral accretion and strength in young female Sprague-Dawley rats

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Omega-9 Modifies Viscoelasticity and Augments Bone Strength and Architecture in a High-Fat Diet-Fed Murine Model

Omega-9 Modifies Viscoelasticity and Augments Bone Strength and Architecture in a High-Fat Diet-Fed Murine Model

Docosahexaenoic acid improves altered mineralization proteins, the decreased quality of hydroxyapatite crystals and suppresses oxidative stress induced by high glucose

The Impact of Hempseed Consumption on Bone Parameters and Body Composition in Growing Female C57BL/6 Mice

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