Dietary calcium blocks lithium toxicity in hamsters without affecting circadian rhythms

This review summarizes research on sensory and behavioral aspects of calcium homeostasis. These are fragmented fields, with essentially independent lines of research involving gustatory electrophysiology in amphibians, ethological studies in wild birds, nutritional studies in poultry, and experimental behavioral studies focused primarily on characterizing the specificity of the appetite in rats. Recently, investigators have begun to examine potential physiological mechanisms underlying calcium intake and appetite. These include changes in the taste perception of calcium, signals related to blood calcium concentrations, and actions of the primary hormones of calcium homeostasis: parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. Other influences on calcium intake include reproductive and adrenal hormones and learning. The possibility that a calcium appetite exists in humans is discussed. The broad range of observations documenting the existence of a behavioral limb of calcium homeostasis provides a strong foundation for future genetic and physiological analyses of this behavior.

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“…274). It is noteworthy that the toxic effects of lithium can be ameliorated by calcium supplementation (152).…”

Section: A Learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium: Taste, Intake, and Appetite

Tordoff

2001

Physiological Reviews

157

106

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“…Lithium does not bind to plasma protein but binds to some legend [8], as it moves slowly from extra-cellular compartment to intracellular space it may require 6-10 days to reach steady blood concentration and the desired therapeutic responses [1,9]. Lithium effects have been investigated in details in the brain, intestine, liver and thyroid gland, and revealed many deformities and histological alteration [10,11]. Antioxidant supplements may include a number of different free radical-fighting compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium Carbonate Therapy Causes Nephrotoxicity and its Alleviation with Ascorbic Acid in Wistar Albino Rats

Modawe¹

2018

IJBP

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Backgrounds: Lithium carbonate is drug has been used for prolonged treatment of psychiatric disorders. But was known to be accompanied by side effects and highly toxicity especially to renal tissue.Objectives: this study aimed to investigate the influence of lithium carbonate and ascorbic acid on the kidney tissue in Wistar albino rats.Methodology: Ninety rats were used in two experiments. The experiment was performed in three months and blood samples were collected monthly, then specimen of the kidney, was used for histopathological examination. In experiment 1, forty rats were used and divided to four groups, three groups were subjected to different oral doses of drug (9, 17 and 34 mg/kg/BW) daily and the fourth was kept as control group. In experiment 2, fifty rats were used and divided to five groups, ascorbic acid, (7mg/kg BW) as antioxidant was added to the different doses of drug during the experimental period.Results: Urea and creatinine showed significantly (P≤0.005) higher levels in the groups used different doses of the lithium therapy compared to the control group. Only the uric acid showed significantly (P≤0.003) lower level compared to the control group. Tubular necrosis, congestion and infiltration of inflammatory cells were the common pathological lesions observed in the kidney and congestion of capillaries was the common pathological lesion at different doses of lithium carbonate. The serum levels of urea and uric acid were significantly (p≤0.004) increased in all groups of the treated rats compared to the control group. The serum creatinine was significantly (P≤0.000) higher in rats treated with 9mg/kg BW, and ascorbic acid but other groups treated with higher doses and ascorbic acid showed significantly (p≤0.000) lower levels compared to the control group. For histopatholgical changes, when drug was accompanied by Lascorbic acid, the infiltration of inflammatory cells was less in kidney compared to the groups treated with lithium carbonate alone.Modawe GA and ElBagir NM. Lithium Carbonate Therapy Causes Nephrotoxicity and its Alleviation with Ascorbic Acid in Wistar Albino Rats. Int J Biochem Physiol 2018, 3(3): 000129.Copyright© Modawe GA and ElBagir NM.2 Conclusions: The use of L-ascorbic acid alone also reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells. The study recommended that patients on drug should be periodically evaluated for renal dysfunction and also advised to be supplied with ascorbic acid, to reduce the toxicity of lithium therapy. Future studies should investigate the effect of different doses of the ascorbic acid on responses to lithium therapy. Also the effects of other antioxidants on drug responses should be tested.

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Calcium, lithium, and circadian rhythms

Terao

1992

Biological Psychiatry

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Dietary calcium blocks lithium toxicity in hamsters without affecting circadian rhythms

Cited by 18 publications

References 26 publications

Calcium: Taste, Intake, and Appetite

Calcium: Taste, Intake, and Appetite

Lithium Carbonate Therapy Causes Nephrotoxicity and its Alleviation with Ascorbic Acid in Wistar Albino Rats

Calcium, lithium, and circadian rhythms

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