Dietary Calanus oil antagonizes angiotensin II-induced hypertension and tissue wasting in diet-induced obese mice

Salma, Wahida; Franekova, Veronika; Lund, Trine Meldgaard; Höper, Anje Christina; Ludvigsen, Stian; Lund, Jim; Aasum, Ellen; Ytrehus, Kirsti; Belke, Darrell D.; Larsen, Terje S.

doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2016.03.006

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…One of the important contributors to the improvement in CO max in the ET-Calanus group might be the use of Calanus oil itself with its unique mixture of fatty acids bound to fatty alcohols in the chemical form of wax esters [ 20 , 22 ]. The molecular effects of Calanus compounds are not well-explored; however, its beneficial effects on inflammation and the cardiovascular system have been shown previously in mice [ 18 , 19 , 36 ]. Notably, two important components of Calanus oil, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have known effects on inflammation and oxidative stress [ 37 , 38 ], which are thought to underlie the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease through the induction of DNA damage and protein fragmentation and dysfunction [ 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Training Combined with Calanus Oil Supplementation Improves the Central Cardiodynamic Function in Older Women

et al. 2021

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The aim of this study was to investigate the possible beneficial effects of exercise training (ET) with omega-3/Calanus oil supplementation on cardiorespiratory and adiposity parameters in elderly women. Fifty-five women (BMI: 19–37 kg/m2, 62–80 years old) were recruited and randomly assigned to the 4 month intervention with ET and omega-3 supplementation (Calanus oil, ET-Calanus) or ET and the placebo (sunflower oil; ET-Placebo). The body composition was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and cardiorespiratory parameters were measured using spiroergometry and PhysioFlow hemodynamic testing. Both interventions resulted in an increased lean mass whereas the fat mass was reduced in the leg and trunk as well as the android and gynoid regions. The content of trunk fat (in percent of the total fat) was lower and the content of the leg fat was higher in the ET-Calanus group compared with the ET-Placebo. Although both interventions resulted in similar improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max), it was explained by an increased peripheral oxygen extraction (a-vO2diff) alone in the ET-Placebo group whereas increased values of both a-vO2diff and maximal cardiac output (COmax) were observed in the ET-Calanus group. Changes in COmax were associated with changes in systemic vascular resistance, circulating free fatty acids, and the omega-3 index. In conclusion, Calanus oil supplementation during a 4 month ET intervention in elderly women improved the cardiorespiratory function, which was due to combined central and peripheral cardiodynamic mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Training Combined with Calanus Oil Supplementation Improves the Central Cardiodynamic Function in Older Women

et al. 2021

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“…Feeding experiments on rodents, however, have shown that dietary supplementation with only 1% to 2% calanus oil improved metabolic and inflammatory parameters in high-fat diet-induced obese mice (Höper et al, 2013;Höper et al, 2014). The oil has also been reported to attenuate atherosclerotic lesion formation (Eilertsen et al, 2012), reduce hypertension (Salma et al, 2016), and protect the heart from ischemic stress (Jansen et al, 2019). Results from Höper et al (2014) indicated that supplementation of the diet with purified wax ester has stronger anti-inflammatory and anti-obesogenic effects in dietinduced obese mice, compared to ethyl esters of EPA and DHA.…”

Section: Oil Extracted From Calanus Finmarchicusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Health Effects of a Wax Ester Rich Marine Oil

et al. 2020

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The consumption of seafood and the use of fish oil for the production of nutraceuticals and fish feed have increased over the past decades due the high content of long-chain polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids. This increase has put pressure on the sustainability of fisheries. One way to overcome the limited supply of fish oil is to harvest lower in the marine food web. Calanus finmarchicus, feeding on phytoplankton, is a small copepod constituting a considerable biomass in the North Atlantic and is a novel source of omega-3 fatty acids. The oil is, however, different from other commercial marine oils in terms of chemistry and, possibly, bioactivity since it contains wax esters. Wax esters are fatty acids that are esterified with alcohols. In addition to the long-chain polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the oil is also rich in stearidonic acid (SDA), long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids, and the long-chain fatty alcohols eicosenol and docosenol. Recent animal studies have indicated antiinflammatory and anti-obesogenic actions of this copepod oil beyond that provided by EPA and DHA. This review will discuss potential mechanisms behind these beneficial effects of the oil, focusing on the impact of the various components of the oil. The health effects of EPA and DHA are well recognized, whereas long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids and long-chain fatty alcohols have to a large degree been overlooked in relation to human health. Recently, however the fatty alcohols have received interest as potential targets for improved health via conversion to their corresponding fatty acids. Together, the different lipid components of the oil from C. finmarchicus may have potential as nutraceuticals for reducing obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders.

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“…In this respect, notable is the discovery of major effectiveness of COil on glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in obese patients in which the different lipid components of COil may have potential as nutraceuticals for reducing obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders ( Burhop et al, 2022 ). In mouse models of obesity, COil supplementation in addition to efficiently counteract obesity-induced alterations, has been also demonstrated to exert anti-hypertensive effects and to improve post-ischemic cardiac recovery ( Salma et al, 2016 ; Jansen et al, 2019 ). In addition, COil supplementation in combination with exercise training has been demonstrated to display additional efficacy on cardiorespiratory function in respect to exercise training alone although its clinical relevance remains to be verified ( Štěpán et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased efficacy of dietary supplement containing wax ester-rich marine oil and xanthophylls in a mouse model of dry macular degeneration

Melecchi

Amato²,

Lapi³

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is nowadays considered among the retinal diseases whose clinical management lacks established treatment approaches, mainly for its atrophic (dry) form. In this respect, the use of dietary patterns enriched in omega-3 and antioxidant xanthophylls has emerged as a promising approach to counteract dry AMD progression although the prophylactic potential of omega-3 of fish origin has been discussed. Whether enriched availability of omega-3 and xanthophylls may increase the effectiveness of diet supplementation in preventing dry AMD remains to be fully established. The present study aims at comparing the efficacy of an existing orally administered formulation based on lutein and fish oil, as a source of omega-3, with a novel formulation providing the combination of lutein and astaxanthin with Calanus oil (COil), which contains omega-3 together with their precursors policosanols. Using a mouse model of dry AMD based on subretinal injection of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-400, we assessed the comparative efficacy of both formulations on PEG-induced major hallmarks including oxidative stress, inflammation, glial reactivity and outer retinal thickness. Dietary supplementation with both mixtures has been found to exert a significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity as reflected by the overall amelioration of the PEG-induced pathological hallmarks. Noteworthy, the formulation based on COil appeared to be more protective than the one based on fish oil, presumably because of the higher bioavailability of omega-3 in COil. These results support the use of dietary supplements combining omega-3 and xanthophylls in the prevention and treatment of AMD and suggest that the source of omega-3 might contribute to treatment efficacy.

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Dietary Calanus oil antagonizes angiotensin II-induced hypertension and tissue wasting in diet-induced obese mice

Cited by 7 publications

References 43 publications

Exercise Training Combined with Calanus Oil Supplementation Improves the Central Cardiodynamic Function in Older Women

Exercise Training Combined with Calanus Oil Supplementation Improves the Central Cardiodynamic Function in Older Women

Possible Health Effects of a Wax Ester Rich Marine Oil

Increased efficacy of dietary supplement containing wax ester-rich marine oil and xanthophylls in a mouse model of dry macular degeneration

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