Dietary Bovine Lactoferrin Alters Mucosal and Systemic Immune Cell Responses in Neonatal Piglets

Comstock, Sarah S.; Reznikov, Elizabeth A; Contractor, Nikhat; Donovan, Sharon M.

doi:10.3945/jn.113.190264

Cited by 58 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Furthermore, B. infantis has been shown to be immunomodulatory (17, 31) and bLf may promote the growth of B. infantis (16), suggesting the potential for synergistic effects. On the basis of our previous research (15, 19), by the seventh day of life bLf improved gastrointestinal development and immune system development compared with piglets fed formula alone. Thus, these early effects on the gastrointestinal and immune systems likely give the bLf-fed piglets an advantage over their formula-fed peers upon systemic challenge with S. aureus .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…One possible explanation for this could be that IFN-γ is an intracellular cytokine and its presence may be too low in the serum to detect. Previously, we found that spleen cells isolated from pigs fed bLf produced more IFN-γ and TNF-α than cells isolated from pigs fed a control diet (15). Although NK cells are the most likely potential sources of IFN-γ, it may be that peripheral memory T cells contain intracellular IFN-γ; both of these cells could release IFN-γ when needed during an immune response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Piglets were fed a nonmedicated, sow-milk replacer formula (Liqui-Wean Advance; Milk Specialties Global Animal Nutrition) with either 4 g supplemental protein/L as whey protein [control (CON) group; Provon 192; Glanbia] or as bLf (LF group; Bioferrin 2000; Glanbia). This dose of bLf was chosen on the basis of our previous research (15, 19), and whey was added to the CON diet to keep the diets isonitrogenous. Piglets were fed 20 times daily, totaling 360 mL ⋅ kg BW −1 ⋅ d −1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The release of lactoferrin inhibits infiltration of inflammatory neutrophils while attracting monocytes, suggesting that lactoferrin plays an important role in regulating inflammation, thereby preventing sepsis without inhibiting the original immune response (12). In addition to having effects on the early immune response, reports in the literature suggest that lactoferrin is important in generating a T-helper 1 (Th1) adaptive immune response in mice (13, 14) and piglets (15). A Th1 adaptive response would favor a cellular-immune response to intracellular S. aureus that would increase bacterial clearance from tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Bovine Lactoferrin Reduces Staphylococcus aureus in the Tissues and Modulates the Immune Response in Piglets Systemically Infected with S. aureus

Reznikov¹,

Comstock

Hoeflinger

et al. 2018

Current Developments in Nutrition

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BackgroundBovine lactoferrin (bLf) reduces Staphylococcus aureus infection in premature infants and promotes the growth of Bifidobacterium infantis, a predominant infant gut species. We hypothesized that bLf in combination with B. infantis would reduce the severity of systemic S. aureus infection.ObjectiveThe aim was to determine the effects of oral administration of bLf and B. infantis on the course of systemic S. aureus infection.MethodsColostrum-deprived piglets were fed formulas containing 4 g whey/L (CON group) or bLf (LF group). One-half of the piglets in each group were gavaged with B. infantis (109 colony-forming units/d), resulting in 2 additional groups (BI or COMB, respectively). On day 7, piglets were intravenously injected with S. aureus. Blood samples were collected preinfection and every 12 h postinfection for immune analyses. Tissue samples were collected on day 12 for analysis of bacterial abundance and gene expression.ResultsPreinfection, LF piglets had lower serum interleukin 10 (IL-10), a higher percentage of lymphocytes, and a lower percentage of neutrophils than BI or COMB piglets. After infection, dietary bLf increased piglet weight gain, reduced staphylococcal counts in the kidneys, and tended to lower staphylococcal counts in the lungs and heart. Dietary bLf also decreased kidney IL-10 and increased lung interferon γ (IFN-γ) mRNA. B. infantis increased splenic IFN-γ expression. Renal Toll-like receptor 2 was upregulated in BI piglets but not in COMB piglets. Postinfection, BI piglets had increased serum IL-10 and decreased memory T cell populations. LF and COMB piglets had fewer circulating monocytes and B cells than CON or BI piglets.ConclusionsDietary bLf and B. infantis produced independent and tissue-specific effects. Piglets fed bLf alone or in combination with B. infantis mounted a more effective immune response and exhibited lower bacterial abundance. This study provides biological underpinnings to the clinical benefits of bLf observed in preterm infants but does not support B. infantis administration during S. aureus infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Dietary Bovine Lactoferrin Reduces Staphylococcus aureus in the Tissues and Modulates the Immune Response in Piglets Systemically Infected with S. aureus

Reznikov¹,

Comstock

Hoeflinger

et al. 2018

Current Developments in Nutrition

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“…However, industrial processes can significantly interfere with the bioavailability of the nitrogen content as well as the nutritional value of HPFs [12,13,21] . In addition, accumulating evidence has demonstrated the nutritional importance of the quality of the protein source for the postnatal maturation of the gastrointestinal tract in animal studies [19,22,23] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrolyzed Proteins in Preterm Infants

Senterre¹,

Rigo²

2016

Nestlé Nutrition Institute Workshop Series

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Milk proteins are an essential component of the diet of preterm infants who have high requirements. Hydrolyzed proteins (HPs) have been introduced in infants' formulas (HPFs) to treat gastrointestinal disorders and to prevent allergic diseases. Several studies have evaluated the adequacy of HPs in preterm infants. Protein source significantly influences plasma amino acid concentrations. Protein utilization and efficiency are usually lower with HPFs compared to formulas with intact proteins. When protein intake is similar, a lower weight gain is generally observed with HPFs and a 10% increase in protein content is usually necessary to compensate for this reduction in protein utilization. Mineral absorption may also be reduced and no data exist for trace elements and vitamins. Most HPFs are associated with accelerated gastrointestinal transit time and softer stools but without clear benefit on feeding tolerance. Preterm infants seem to be at similar risk of allergic diseases than term infants, but the preventive effect of HPFs has not been sufficiently explored in preterm infants. Most modern HPFs designed for preterm infants are well tolerated and have adapted their nutrient content to improve nutrient absorption and retention. However, their benefits and safety have not been demonstrated and, therefore, further high-quality studies are needed.

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