Dietary .beta.-ionone suppresses hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activity

Effects of Dietary Antibiotic and Cinnamon Oil Supplementation on Antioxidant Enzyme Activities, Cholesterol Levels and Fatty Acid Compositions of Serum and Meat in Broiler Chickens

“…Cinnamic acid (0.02%, w/w) and its synthetic derivatives (HPP304, HPP305) significantly inhibit hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity and decrease serum total cholesterol level (Lee et al 2001;Lee et al 2007). When the effects of essential oils on hypocholesterolemic properties were taken into consideration, the results of the present study were in agreement with the reports of the previous studies (Elson et al 1989;Yu et al 1994;Case et al 1995). Unlike these findings, Lee et al (2003) failed to show any hypocholesterolemic effects of the active items as thymol, cinnamaldehyde and a commercial preparation of essential oil components (CRINA ® Poultry).…”

“…On the other hand, enhancement of unsaturated fatty acids in meat lipids would result from diminution of fatty acid oxidation in tissue. Previous studies reported that essential oils, especially cinnamon, had an antioxidant property (Yu et al 1994;Case et al 1995;Lee et al 2001;Lee et al 2007). This antioxidant property of cinnamon was supported in the present study.…”

Effects of Thyme Essential Oil on Performance, Some Blood Parameters and Ileal Microflora of Japanese Quail

“…Blood glucose level is a biochemical indicator of stress that depressed in birds fed thyme essential oil in this study and could be justified by the stress-lowering effect of this feed additive. There is evidence that dietary essential oils decreased serum cholesterol in chickens (Yu et al, 1994) and carvacrol lowered plasma triglyceride and phospholipids (Lee et al, 2003b). Case et al (1995) reported that additional 150 ppm carvacrol or thymol to the diet showed a serum hypocholesterolaemic effect on Leghorn chicks.…”

“…Case et al (1995) reported that additional 150 ppm carvacrol or thymol to the diet showed a serum hypocholesterolaemic effect on Leghorn chicks. Various components of essential oils may exhibit a hypocholesterolaemic effect on chickens (Yu et al, 1994;Elson, 1995). The cholesterol-lowering effect of essential oil constituents has been ascribed to inhibition of hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenyzme A (HMGCoA) reductase, which is a key regulatory enzyme in cholesterol synthesis (Crowell, 1999;Lee et al, 2003a;b).…”

Efficacy of geraniol but not of β-ionone or their combination for the chemoprevention of rat colon carcinogenesis

“…This could explain the higher cholesterol concentration in the CO group, as compared to the N group. Treatment of birds, rats and mice with isoprenoids such as geranylgeraniol, limonene or βI resulted in the reduction of HMG-CoA reductase activity that was accompanied by a decrease in plasma cholesterol (8,35,36). A decrease in the plasma total cholesterol was observed by us in the βI group.…”