Dietary Antioxidants and Lung Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study in Uruguay

Stéfani, Eduardo De; Boffetta, Paolo; Deneo‐Pellegrini, Hugo; Mendilaharsu, Marı́a; Carzoglio, Julio; Ronco, Álvaro L.; Olivera, Luis

doi:10.1207/s15327914nc340114

Cited by 152 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The evidence is strongest for an inverse association of total flavonoids, foods rich in flavonoids and quercetin, with lung cancer risk (Hirvonen et al, 2001;Knekt et al, 2002;De Stefani et al, 1999;Le Marchand et al, 2000a). A single study examined rectal cancer, which reported a halving of risk associated with high versus low catechin intake (Arts et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Total flavonoids and quercetin were associated with a 30-42% reduced risk of lung cancer in two published studies but a non-significant increased risk for lung cancer in a third study (Garcia-Closas et al, 1998;De Stefani et al, 1999;LeMarchand et al, 2000b). With regard to other flavonoids, high versus low quercetin and kaempferol intakes were associated with 40% and 50% reduction in risk, respectively, for stomach cancer.…”

Section: Case-control Studies Of Flavonoids and Cancer Riskmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Only five case-control studies have examined associations of dietary flavonoid intake and cancer risk (Table 3) (Garcia-Closas et al, 1998De Stefani et al, 1999;Le Marchand et al, 2000a). Total flavonoids and quercetin were associated with a 30-42% reduced risk of lung cancer in two published studies but a non-significant increased risk for lung cancer in a third study (Garcia-Closas et al, 1998;De Stefani et al, 1999;LeMarchand et al, 2000b).…”

Section: Case-control Studies Of Flavonoids and Cancer Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Flavonoids and Cancer Prevention: What Is the Evidence in Humans?

Neuhouser

2004

Pharmaceutical Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diets high in fruits and vegetables are associated primarily with a reduced risk of human cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as some other common cancers including those of the lung, breast, and prostate. Plants contain hundreds of bioactive substances, including flavonoids, which are a large group of compounds consisting of two phenolic benzene rings linked to a heterocyclic pyran or pyrone. This report reviews published epidemiologic studies that have examined associations of flavonoid intake with cancer risk in humans. Findings to date are extremely limited, but there is relatively consistent evidence from these studies that flavonoids, especially quercetin, reduce risk of lung cancer. Evidence is modest for other epithelial cancers. Further research is needed to confirm these findings before public health recommendations about flavonoids can be offered to consumers.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Case-control Studies Of Flavonoids and Cancer Riskmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Case-control Studies Of Flavonoids and Cancer Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Flavonoids and Cancer Prevention: What Is the Evidence in Humans?

Neuhouser

2004

Pharmaceutical Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…42,45 In 9 population studies, all cases of lung cancer death were found to have low serum BC levels, compared to surviving lung cancer patients, whereas only a few cases of lung cancer death had lower serum levels of RE and AT. 46 In the present study, trends in serum RE levels differed between sexes; the OR for men decreased at serum RE levels greater than 3.23 mol/L.…”

Section: Subject Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lung Cancer Mortality and Serum Levels of Carotenoids, Retinol, Tocopherols, and Folic Acid in Men and Women: a Case-Control Study Nested in the JACC Study

Ito

Wakai

Suzuki

et al. 2005

Journal of Epidemiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Selection of Cases and ControlsLung cancer deaths were identified using municipal registration records and death certificates. 14, 15 We followed subjects until late 1999, and eligible case subjects were defined as those who died from lung cancer (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision: C34). During about 10-year follow-up, 240 deaths from lung cancer were identified among the subjects who provided baseline serum samples. Of these, we excluded 8 subjects with a previous history of cancer, and excluded 21 who lacked suitable samples. For each case of lung cancer death (hereafter referred to as "cases"), 2 or 3 controls were selected from the survivors, matching for sex, age (as near as possible), and participating institution. Of the initial 569 matched controls, we excluded 6 with a previous history of cancer, 30 who lacked sufficient samples, and 46 whose matched cases were excluded. Thus, 211 cases and 487 controls were included in the analysis.Determination of Serum Carotenoids, Retinol, Tocopherols, and Folic Acid All samples were analyzed by trained staff blinded to case-control status. Serum total cholesterol (TC) was determined using an autoanalyzer. Serum concentrations of carotenoids, RE, and tocopherols were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, as described elsewhere.17 All samples were stored in deep freezers at -80 for about 11 years, and serum levels of carotenoids, RE and tocopherols were measured using the same equipment for all specimen; the ranges of repeatability and dayto-day variation were 4.6% to 6.9% and 6.3% to 20.0%, respectively, for the assays of carotenoids, RE, and tocopherols. 17 We could not separately measure serum levels of zeaxanthin and lutein or -and -tocopherols, and therefore report the combined levels as ZL or -and -tocopherols (BT), respectively. We calculated total carotenes (TCR) as the sum of AC, BC, and LY, calculated total xanthophylls (TXP) as the sum of CR, ZL, and canthaxanthin (CX), and calculated total provitamin A (PVA) as the sum of AC, BC, and CR. Total carotenoids (TCA) were calculated as TCR plus TXP. Serum folic acid levels were determined using a cloned enzyme donor immunoassay. 18 Statistical AnalysisBody mass index (BMI) at baseline was calculated from reported height and weight: BMI = (weight in kg)/(height in m) 2 . Mean differences between lung cancer cases and matched controls were examined by t test after converting serum levels of carotenoids, RE, tocopherols, folic acid and TC to logarithmic values. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was also performed after controlling for age, participating institutions, smoking, alcohol consumption, BMI and serum TC level.19 Two conditional logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratio (OR) for lung cancer death. 19 Variables adjusted in the models were as follows: model 1 (OR1), age, participating institution, and smoking; model 2 (OR2), age, participating institution, smoking, alcohol con-Many epidemiological studies have shown ...

show abstract

“…They have been shown to exert beneficial effects on human health and play an important role in prevention and/or treatment of several serious diseases, such as cancer, inflammation and cardiovascular disease (Middleton et al, 2000;Rice-Evans, 2001). Flavonoids are important beneficial components of food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and various commodity preparations due to their antimutagenic, hepatoprotective (Stefani et al, 1999), antiallergic (Berg & Daniel, 1988), antiviral (Middleton & Chithan, 1993) and antibacterial activity (Tarle & Dvorzak, 1990;Tereschuk et al, 1997;Singh & Nath, 1999;Quarenghi et al, 2000;Rauha et al, 2000). They are known to inhibit nucleic acid synthesis (Plaper et al, 2003;Cushnie & Lamb, 2006), cause disturbance in membranes (Stepanovic et al, 2003;Stapleton et al, 2004;Cushnie & Lamb, 2005) and affect energy metabolism (Haraguchi et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%