Dietary advice for reducing cardiovascular risk

Brunner, Eric J.; Thorogood, Margaret; Rees, Karen; Hewitt, Gillian

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd002128.pub2

Cited by 146 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…The Cochrane reviews have reported a modest fall in BP (SBP reduced 1.1 mm Hg) following comprehensive dietary and behavioural change programmes to reduce sodium intake and a small reduction in CV events following long-term interventions to reduce dietary fat consumption. [225][226][227] Only weak evidence exists for the benefits of lowglycaemic index diets owing to short-term, small trials. 228 The ability to implement these dietary change programmes into a non-trial based setting and in ethnic minority populations is not established.…”

Section: Effectiveness Of Cardiac Rehabilitation In Ethnic Minoritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low levels of B 12 and Vitamin D are dietary deficiencies of particular issue for the South Asian community 42,43,224. Recommendations from the American Heart Association for dietary change for the primary prevention of CHD advocate consumption of fruits, vegetables, grains, low-fat or non-fat dairy products, fish, legumes, poultry and lean meat, with the matching of energy intake with energy needs to control weight 225. A Cochrane review 226 provides a good evidence base for dietary advice in reducing serum cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, BP and urinary sodium excretion.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Ethnicity and cardiovascular disease prevention in the United Kingdom: a practical approach to management

et al. 2007

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The United Kingdom is a diverse society with 7.9% of the population from black and minority ethnic groups (BMEGs). The causes of the excess cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke morbidity and mortality in BMEGs are incompletely understood though socio-economic factors are important. However, the role of classical cardiovascular (CV) risk factors is clearly important despite the patterns of these risk factors varying significantly by ethnic group. Despite the major burden of CVD and stroke among BMEGs in the UK, the majority of the evidence on the management of such conditions has been based on predominantly white European populations. Moreover, the CV epidemiology of African Americans does not represent well the morbidity and mortality experience seen in black Africans and black Caribbeans, both in Britain and in their native African countries. In particular, atherosclerotic disease and coronary heart disease are still relatively rare in the latter groups. This is unlike the South Asian diaspora, who have prevalence rates of CVD in epidemic proportions both in the diaspora and on the subcontinent. As the BMEGs have been under-represented in research, a multitude of guidelines exists for the 'general population.' However, specific reference and recommendation on primary and secondary prevention guidelines in relation to ethnic groups is extremely limited. This document provides an overview of ethnicity and CVD in the United Kingdom, with management recommendations based on a roundtable discussion of a multidisciplinary ethnicity and CVD consensus group, all of whom have an academic interest and clinical practice in a multiethnic community.

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Section: Effectiveness Of Cardiac Rehabilitation In Ethnic Minoritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnicity and cardiovascular disease prevention in the United Kingdom: a practical approach to management

et al. 2007

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“…Some constituents of dietary fibre, particularly those from fruits and grains (e.g., GG, pectin, beta-glucan, and psyllium; so-called soluble fibres) can reduce blood cholesterol levels by altering cholesterol and bile acid absorption and by effects on hepatic lipoprotein production and cholesterol synthesis (Lunn and Buttriss 2007). Brunner et al (2005) found that diets rich in oats (a source of beta-glucan) reduced LDL cholesterol by an average of 0.2 mmol/L compared with the control diet.…”

Section: Beta-glucansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Functional Ingredient Approach in Formulating Dietary Supplement for Management of Diabetes: A Review

Pawar

Thompkinson

2014

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

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Food and nutrition science has moved from identifying and correcting nutritional deficiencies to designing foods that promote optimal health and reduce the risk of disease. Diabetes is rapidly emerging as a pandemic. It is also accompanied by several health implications viz. cardiovascular diseases, obesity, hypertension, cancer, depression, and eating disorders. International Diabetes Federation estimates that in 2010, India is home to 50.8 million diabetics and the number is expected to go up to a whopping 87 million by 2030. The primary goal of medical nutrition therapy was to design special dietary products for patients with hyperglycemia, intended in controlling postprandial plasma glucose fluctuations and hypercholesterolemic tendencies. However, an effective way to minimize these health risks could be through modifications in the diet by inclusion of multiple functional ingredients, aimed for their concerted role in management of individuals suffering with diabetes.

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“…RCTs have shown beneficial effects on vascular risk factors which seem likely to translate into small reductions in vascular outcomes 55. In particular, reducing dietary salt and saturated fat intake produces small reductions in blood pressure and cholesterol levels respectively 56, 57…”

Section: Lifestyle Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing further vascular events after a stroke or transient ischaemic attack: an update on medical management

Sudlow

2008

Pract Neurol

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After a stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) there is a high risk of stroke, particularly in the early days and weeks, and of other serious vascular events. Several preventive medical treatments can reduce these risks; starting them as early as possible will maximise the absolute risk reduction, as long as the diagnosis is secure, there is no known or suspected net harm from treatment, and they are acceptable to the patient. Medical treatments with clear evidence of benefit include: lowering blood pressure after all types of stroke or TIA; lowering blood cholesterol with a statin after ischaemic stroke or TIA; antiplatelet treatment after ischaemic stroke or TIA; and warfarin instead of antiplatelet treatment in patients with ischaemic stroke or TIA who have atrial fibrillation and no contraindications to anticoagulation. Lifestyle changes (for example, stopping smoking, reducing excess alcohol intake, adopting a healthy diet) and careful management of diabetes are also important.

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Dietary advice for reducing cardiovascular risk

Cited by 146 publications

References 64 publications

Ethnicity and cardiovascular disease prevention in the United Kingdom: a practical approach to management

Ethnicity and cardiovascular disease prevention in the United Kingdom: a practical approach to management

Multiple Functional Ingredient Approach in Formulating Dietary Supplement for Management of Diabetes: A Review

Preventing further vascular events after a stroke or transient ischaemic attack: an update on medical management

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