Diet Quality and Sociodemographic, Lifestyle, and Health-Related Determinants among People with Depression in Spain: New Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study (2011–2017)

Abstract

The role of diet quality in depression is an emerging research area and it appears that diet quality could be an important modifying factor. The aims of this study were to report the prevalence of diet quality among individuals with and without a self-reported diagnosis of depression aged from 16 to 64 years old in Spain, to analyze the time trends of the frequency of food consumption and diet quality from 2011 to 2017 in individuals with a self-reported diagnosis of depression, and to explore the associations between poor/improvable diet quality and sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health-related factors. A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted in 42,280 participants with and without a self-reported diagnosis of depression who had participated in the 2011/2012 and 2017 Spanish National Health Surveys and the 2014 European Health Survey in Spain. A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the variables associated with diet quality. The overall prevalence of diet quality among depressive and non-depressive individuals revealed 65.71% and 70.27% were in need of improvement, respectively. Moreover, having a poor or improvable diet quality is associated with male gender, people aged 16–24 years old and 25–44 years old, separated or divorced, and also in smokers.

Nutritional Psychiatry: How Diet Affects Brain through Gut Microbiota

“…Concerning sleep quality, two studies have shown an association of higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy [26] and food security with sleep quality [27], respectively; a third study from our group provided the first evidence of a potential role played by dietary polyphenol content in sleep quality [28]. Diet quality has also been related to depression in two studies: Cebrino et al [29] reported that non-depressive individuals had a higher diet quality than depressive ones in a nationwide cross-sectional study conducted in Spain; in the study of Marozoff et al [30], the authors showed that increasing Healthy Eating Index-Canada scores were associated with fewer physician visits for depression in a prospective investigation of adults living in Alberta (Canada).…”

Inter-relações entre insatisfação com o trabalho docente e sintomas depressivos: modelagem com equações estruturais

“…Entre idosos de Santa Catarina no ano de 2016, fatores como não ter uma alimentação saudável, apresentar padrão de sono comprometido e volumes menores de prática de atividade física impactaram na ocorrência de SD 52 . O exercício físico, especificamente, tem sido fortemente apontado como fator de proteção à ocorrência de SD 53,54 , e entre professores de Barretos foi observada alta prevalência de inatividade física, estando o sedentarismo associado a pior qualidade de vida 55 .…”

Interrelationships between dissatisfaction with teaching work and depressive symptoms: Structural equation modelling

“…Among the elderly in Santa Catarina in 2016, factors such as not having a healthy diet, a compromised sleep pattern and lower volumes of physical activity had impacts on the occurrence of DSs 52 . Physical exercise, specifically, has been strongly indicated as a protective factor against the occurrence of DSs 53,54 , and among teachers from Barretos, a high prevalence of physical inactivity was observed, with a sedentary lifestyle associated with worse quality of life 55 .…”