Diet Data Collected Using 48-h Dietary Recall: Within—and Between-Person Variation

Abstract

Background and Aims: Forty-eight-hour dietary recall is a valuable source of information regarding food consumption in a population-based sample. This method covers 2 consecutive days in a single interview. Nevertheless, the number of assessments and the sample size necessary to estimate usual intake are unknown. We aimed to assess sources of variation, sample sizes, and numbers of days necessary to estimate usual nutrient intake using the 48-h dietary recall.Methods: This was a population-based cross-sectional study including 237 participants, 11–90 years old, selected using multistage probabilistic sampling to obtain data using 48-h dietary recall. Analysis of variance was used to calculate within- and between-person variation and determine the statistical parameters necessary to calculate sample size and the number of days required to calculate the usual energy and nutrient intake.Results: Within-person variation was generally lower than between-person variation, except for calcium (CVw2 = 40.8; CVb2 = 38.4%), magnesium (CVw2 = 27.4; CVb2 = 18.7%), and monounsaturated fat (CVw2 = 20.0; CVb2 = 17.3%) for the entire group and magnesium for women (CVw2 = 28.3; CVb2 = 91.8%). The number of days and sample size required to determine usual energy and nutrient intake varied substantially with gender and age (e.g., vitamin C in women N = 9, in men N = 1,641).Conclusions: Energy and nutrient intake assessment using the 48-h dietary recall misrepresents within-person variation but can generate acceptable results for between-person variation. The calculation of sample size and number of days required to determine usual energy and nutrient intake might have been affected by inadequate assessment of the within-person variation.

Synergistic Effect of Rhodiola rosea and Caffeine Supplementation on the Improvement of Muscle Strength and Muscular Endurance: A Pilot Study for Rats, Resistance Exercise-Untrained and -Trained Volunteers

“…The calculation of total energy intake per day was based on the National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference from the United States Department of Agriculture. Dietary intake was calculated as energy, in calories per day, and carbohydrates, protein and fat in grams per day [ 45 ]. Neither CAF nor RHO affected the participants’ appetite or food intake [ 46 , 47 ].…”

Macronutrients intake and physical frailty in Korean older adults: A cohort‐based cross‐sectional study

“…However, the within-person variances of energy and macronutrients have been shown to be relatively low among older adults. 34 Future studies will be needed to clarify the relationship between macronutrient intake and frailty by using the repeated 24-h recall survey and prospective longitudinal data. Third, this study population included ambulatory older adults who lived near the center.…”

“…Second, a single 1‐day 24‐h recall may not be representative of the usual intake. However, the within‐person variances of energy and macronutrients have been shown to be relatively low among older adults 34 . Future studies will be needed to clarify the relationship between macronutrient intake and frailty by using the repeated 24‐h recall survey and prospective longitudinal data.…”

Development, Validation, and Reproducibility of Food Group-Based Frequency Questionnaires for Clinical Use in Brazil: A Pre-Hypertension and Hypertension Diet Assessment

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