Diet and lifestyle variables as risk factors for chronic renal failure in pet cats

Hughes, Kathy; Slater, Margaret R.; Geller, Sue; Burkholder, William J.; Fitzgerald, Cheryl

doi:10.1016/s0167-5877(02)00088-0

Cited by 36 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…26,27 A single study has suggested that ad-lib feeding and increased ash intake were associated with CKD compared to control cats although the study was relatively small. 28 The study by Greene and colleagues did not support an association between diet and development of CKD such that overall evidence is controversial and further work is required.…”

Section: Association Of Chronic Kidney Disease With Demographic Envimentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Understanding of the Pathogenesis of Progressive Chronic Kidney Disease in Cats

Jepson

2016

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice

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Abstract:In cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD), the most common histopathological finding is tubulointerstitial inflammation and fibrosis. However, these changes reflect a non-specific response of the kidney to any inciting injury. The risk of development of CKD in a patient is likely to reflect genetic predispositions, ageing, environmental and individual factors that influence decline in renal function over the course of a cat's life. However, there is still relatively little information about exactly which risk factors predispose a cat to develop CKD and these will be explored. Whilst many cats diagnosed with CKD have stable disease for many years, some cats show overtly progressive disease.

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Section: Association Of Chronic Kidney Disease With Demographic Envimentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Understanding of the Pathogenesis of Progressive Chronic Kidney Disease in Cats

Jepson

2016

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice

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“…The treatment of cats and dogs together with feeding according to Royal Canin "Renal" diet lowered indices of protein metabolism for 30 and 50 days, respectively, and shortened the time of health stabilization approximately in 4 times comparing to the one with feeding animals on ordinary diet [7,8,[16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Discussion Of Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Protein Metabolism in Small Animals With Chronic Renal Failure and Its Correction

Калачнюк

Luhova

Maliuk

2016

EUREKA: Life Sciences

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Chronic renal failure (CRF) is often diagnosed in cats and dogs of old age. CRF is a consequence of metabolic deviations because of diseases (for example, generalized atherosclerosis, hypertensive disease, diabetes and others) and incorrect feeding. CRF is also a result of the delayed diagnosis of diseases of the urinary system and/or inadequate treatment. Aim of research. To study the biochemical parameters of protein metabolism that are important for determination of CRF stages and sub-stages in old small animals during correction of metabolic deviations. Materials and methods. There were analyzed biochemical indices (creatinine concentration in the blood serum; the ratio of protein/creatinine (UP/C) in the urine) and measured arterial blood pressure in 5 cats and 5 dogs with chronic renal failure selected from patients of the clinic according to medical history, clinical examination and special analysis. Results. It was analyzed CRF stages and sub-stages classification according to the International Renal Interest Society (IRIS). According to the date of creatinine concentration in the blood serum, CRF of the second stage was observed in 5 cats (140-250 μmol/L) and 3 dogs (125-180 μmol/L), and of the third stage - in 2 dogs (181-440 μmol/L). The CRF sub-stage as «without proteinuria» (UP/C < 0.2) was identified in 1 cat, «marginal proteinuria» (UP/C 0.2-0.4) – in 1 cat and «proteinuria» (UP/C > 0.4) - in 3 cats, and as «proteinuria» (UP/C > 0.5) - in 5 dogs. Conclusions. An important step of the successful treatment of CRF is the definition of the stages and sub-stages according to IRIS based mostly on the measurements of biochemical indices in the blood and urine of sick animals ‒ indicators of creatininemia and proteinuria, a change of which was caused mainly by metabolic processes of proteins under influence of exogenous factors (the traditional treatment of CRF plus enalapril and diet nutrition).

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“…Hughes et al (2002) found that an increased fibre content in the diet and the ambiguous "factor-2" were both protective in delaying CKD development whereas adlibitum feeding was detrimental. Whilst performing the literature search, a small number of additional papers were uncovered which appeared to suggest that diet could help to reduce the risk of CKD development (DiBartola et al, 1993;Frantz et al, 2007;Lane et al, 2012;Geddes et al, 2016), although these were all excluded from the current PICO question as they did not look at the difference between wet and dry food.…”

Section: Appraisal Application and Reflectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two papers (Hughes et al, 2002;Greene et al, 2014) were case-control studies and one (Lefebvre, 2013) was a crosssectional study. None of the three studies found any significant difference in the prevalence of feeding wet, dry or a combination of wet and dry food to cats with CKD compared to healthy cats.…”

Section: The Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the three relevant papers found within this literature search, only Hughes et al (2002) comprehensively examined the effect of nutritional parameters within food whereas the other two papers examined clinical records for descriptions of food given, as noted by the owners. Unfortunately, the small sample size and potential misclassification bias (by not abiding by current IRIS guidelines to diagnose CKD) within Hughes et al (2002) reduces its reliability.…”

Section: Appraisal Application and Reflectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are Adult Cats Fed on Wet Maintenance Diets Less at Risk of Developing Chronic Kidney Disease Compared to Adult Cats Fed on Dry Maintenance Diets?

McLeonard

2017

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A comprehensive search of the available veterinary literature found three studies which assess whether feeding wet or dry maintenance diets place cats at an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) diagnosis. None of the three studies found any significant benefit of feeding either diet in reducing the risk of CKD. However, the criteria used to diagnose CKD was not standardised across any of the three studies. There is currently insufficient evidence that feeding a wet maintenance diet will help to reduce the risk of CKD but further studies are needed to assess whether diet can play some role in reducing the risk of CKD diagnosis. <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" />

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Diet and lifestyle variables as risk factors for chronic renal failure in pet cats

Cited by 36 publications

References 11 publications

Current Understanding of the Pathogenesis of Progressive Chronic Kidney Disease in Cats

Current Understanding of the Pathogenesis of Progressive Chronic Kidney Disease in Cats

The Protein Metabolism in Small Animals With Chronic Renal Failure and Its Correction

Are Adult Cats Fed on Wet Maintenance Diets Less at Risk of Developing Chronic Kidney Disease Compared to Adult Cats Fed on Dry Maintenance Diets?

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