Diesel-particulate collection for biological testing. Comparison of electrostatic precipitation and filtration

Characterization of microbial mutagens in complex samples—methodology and application

“…As already mentioned, Chan et al 102 reported a recovery of 75 to 90% of the mutagenic activity for samples of diesel particulates. Petersen and Chuang 110 found very similar recoveries, 72 to 97%.…”

“…This has been done with benzene extracts of ambient airborne particles 101 and with DCM extracts of diesel particles. 102 Commoner et al 101 reported on a 50% loss of direct mutagenic activity upon this fractionation. No activity could be detected in the water fraction, and only 50% of the activity was recovered in the benzene fraction.…”

“…The recovery of the mutagenic activity was between 75 and 90% of the original extract. 102 A further modification of the fractionation scheme used by Chan et al l02>104 was applied by Tokiwa and co-workers' 05 on extracts of airborne particles. As mentioned above, a separation of weak and strong acids was obtained by extracting the aqueous alkaline phases with diethylether first at pH 6.1 to obtain the weak acids and thereafter at pH 1.0.…”

“…21 .ss.i 14-120 G uer j n e t al. ' l5 " 7 102 separating the mixtures into bases, weak and strong acids, and neutrals. As can be seen from Figures 1 and 2, the final aqueous phases have usually been discarded when extracts of airborne particles have been tested.…”

The genotoxicity, metabolism and carcinogenicity of nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

“…It provides a reactivity scale, correlates results with various parameters, and presents a simple and useful approach to estimate the reactivity of various PAH. With respect to the possibility that nitroarenes are an artifact of sample collection in the ambient environment, it has been shown that artifacts of collection of diesel emissions on filters are minimal (66).…”