Diesel-like hydrocarbon production from hydroprocessing of relevant refining palm oil

Kiatkittipong, Worapon; Phimsen, Songphon; Kiatkittipong, Kunlanan; Wongsakulphasatch, Suwimol; Laosiripojana, Navadol; Assabumrungrat, Suttichai

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2013.04.018

Cited by 119 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…A comparison between Pd/C and NiMoS/γ-Al2O3 indicates that the former is superior, in terms of activity and selectivity to diesel-range hydrocarbons, for pure fatty acid feedstocks, but inferior in the case of biooils (Kiatkittipong et al, 2013). Despite similar observations in other studies (Boda et al, 2010;Madsen et al, 2011;Phimsen et al, 2016), there is no systematic study undertaken to address this phenomenon.…”

Section: Supported Metallic Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The extent of DCO and HDO routes under H2 depends on feedstock composition, reaction conditions, and the choice of catalyst (Kiatkittipong et al, 2013). The results of selected investigations for deoxygenating vegetable oils and their surrogate compounds are summarized in Tables 1-3.…”

Section: Upgrading Routesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the temperature rises, the reaction proceeds faster and the degree of deoxygenation increases significantly, both of which are favorable (Şenol et al, 2005a;Bezergianni et al, 2010a). Nevertheless, high temperatures (typically >400 °C) give rise to undesired cracking (C4-C14) and heavy (C19-C30) products and reduce the yields of diesel fuel in the product stream (Bezergianni et al, 2010b;Kiatkittipong et al, 2013;Phimsen et al, 2016). They also increase the isomerization products that can improve the cold flow properties of diesel fuel at the expense of cetane number (Bezergianni et al, 2010b).…”

Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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A comprehensive review on biodiesel purification and upgrading

2017

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HIGHLIGHTS Various biodiesel purification methods, i.e., equilibrium-based, affinity-based, and reaction-based separation techniques along with membrane technology and solid-liquid separation processes were reviewed.Deoxygenating process via hydrodeoxygenation and decarboxylation/decarbonylation pathways is a common way to upgrade bio-based oils to produce biorenewable diesel with excellent fuel properties. Catalysts and operating conditions, i.e., pressure, temperature, and contact time, are the most important variables in biodiesel upgrading discussed herein. Serious environmental concerns regarding the use of fossil-based fuels have raised awareness regarding the necessity of alternative clean fuels and energy carriers. Biodiesel is considered a clean, biodegradable, and non-toxic diesel substitute produced via the transesterification of triglycerides with an alcohol in the presence of a proper catalyst. After initial separation of the by-product (glycerol), the crude biodiesel needs to be purified to meet the standard specifications prior to marketing. The presence of impurities in the biodiesel not only significantly affects its engine performance but also complicates its handling and storage. Therefore, biodiesel purification is an essential step prior to marketing. Biodiesel purification methods can be classified based on the nature of the process into equilibrium-based, affinity-based, membrane-based, reaction-based, and solid-liquid separation processes. The main adverse properties of biodiesel -namely moisture absorption, corrosiveness, and high viscosity -primarily arise from the presence of oxygen. To address these issues, several upgrading techniques have been proposed, among which catalytic (hydro)deoxygenation using conventional hydrotreating catalysts, supported metallic materials, and most recently transition metals in various forms appear promising. Nevertheless, catalyst deactivation (via coking) and/or inadequacy of product yields necessitate further research. This paper provides a comprehensive overview on the techniques and methods used for biodiesel purification and upgrading. ABSTRACT

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Section: Supported Metallic Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Upgrading Routesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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A comprehensive review on biodiesel purification and upgrading

2017

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“…In recent years, catalytic (hydro)deoxygenation (HDO) has emerged as a promising technological step in the conversion of vegetable oil to biodiesel . HDO is a highly effective technology for removing oxygen atoms from the fatty acids in vegetable oils under high hydrogen pressures (up to 140 bar) and at high temperatures (250‐450 °C).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, catalytic (hydro)deoxygenation (HDO) has emerged as a promising technological step in the conversion of vegetable oil to biodiesel. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] HDO is a highly effective technology for removing oxygen atoms from the fatty acids in vegetable oils under high hydrogen pressures (up to 140 bar) and at high temperatures (250-450°C). A model reaction of fatty acid deoxygenation is the catalytic HDO of stearic acid (SA), which, according to the literature, [10][11][12][13][14] consists of several pathways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molybdenum Nitrides, Carbides and Phosphides as Highly Efficient Catalysts for the (hydro)Deoxygenation Reaction

et al. 2019

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Transition metal nitrides, carbides and phosphides have the potential to replace the expensive and hazardous catalysts typically used for the conversion of fatty acids. However, there has been little research on the influence of treatment conditions and precursor nature on the properties of such catalytic systems. To better understand these dependencies, we synthesized a number of Mo catalysts by temperature‐programmed reduction (700‐900 °C; CH4/N2, N2/H2) using ammonium heptamolybdate, diammonium phosphate and hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) as Mo, C, N and P sources. The presence of HMT in the precursor mixtures ensured the synthesis of pure phase Mo2C, Mo2N and MoP. Catalytic activity in the (hydro)deoxygenation of stearic acid (240 min; 360 °C; 50 bar of H2) decreased in the following order: Mo2C>Mo2N>MoP. However, all of the studied Mo‐based catalysts showed good deoxygenation efficiency and, thus, represent excellent alternatives to traditional noble and sulfur‐containing catalysts.

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Synthesis of environment‐friendly, sustainable, and nontoxic bio‐lubricants: A critical review of advances and a path forward

Sancheti

Yadav

2022

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Carbon neutral biosources are sought for the protection of the environment and to meet the energy needs of the growing population. For instance, lubricants are required in huge quantities. Synthesis of environment-friendly, sustainable and non-toxic bio-lubricants from renewable and bio-degradable feedstocks such as vegetable oils and animal fats will be most desirable. The thermal stability and lower volatility of these triglycerides make them suitable as precursors for lubricants. This review briefly covers the chemical modifications required to transform plant-and animal-based triglycerides into efficient biolubricants. Chemical modifications are required to improve one or more physicochemical or tribological properties of bio-lubricants such as low-temperature flow properties or the oxidation stability of fatty acids/oils for different applications. The use of heterogeneous catalysts makes the processes clean. The relationship between their molecular structures, physicochemical properties and lubrication performance is reviewed. Additives such as antioxidants, sulfides, phosphates, metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, and ionic liquids are used to enhance the lubricant properties. With proper modifications in a base oil, support and additives, bio-lubricants can perform similar to or even better than conventional lubricants. A further advantage is that they can be easily adapted using existing infrastructure and lubricant formulations.

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Diesel-like hydrocarbon production from hydroprocessing of relevant refining palm oil

Cited by 119 publications

References 56 publications

A comprehensive review on biodiesel purification and upgrading

A comprehensive review on biodiesel purification and upgrading

Molybdenum Nitrides, Carbides and Phosphides as Highly Efficient Catalysts for the (hydro)Deoxygenation Reaction

Synthesis of environment‐friendly, sustainable, and nontoxic bio‐lubricants: A critical review of advances and a path forward

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