Diesel fuel from thermal decomposition of soybean oil

Schwab, A. W.; Dykstra, G. J.; Selke, E.; Sorenson, Spencer C.; Pryde, E. H.

doi:10.1007/bf02542382

Cited by 242 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The results show that all solids are active for the methanolysis reaction (see entries [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Nonetheless, the most active catalyst using comparable conditions is the Nb 2 O 5 /H 3 PO 4 .…”

Section: Transesterification Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis, characterization and use of Nb2O5 based catalysts in producing biofuels by transesterification, esterification and pyrolysis

Brandão¹,

Quirino²,

Mello³

et al. 2009

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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2 O have been investigated as catalysts for the transesterification, esterification and pyrolysis of vegetable oils. The compounds were characterized by thermal analysis (DTA-TGA), spectroscopy (DRX, FT-IR and FT-Raman), surface area (BET) and the acidity (Ho) determined by n-butylamine titration using the Hammet´s indicator method. It was observed that after the acid treatment both the surface area and the acidity decreased as compared to the starting Nb 2 O 5 •xH 2 O. The only exception was a higher acidity verified when nitric acid was used. Among the catalyst investigated, the Nb 2 O 5 /H 3 PO 4 presented the highest activity in the alcoholysis of soybean oil with different mono-alcohols (methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-butanol

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Section: Transesterification Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, it has been reported the production of hydrocarbons from Tung oil in China during the Second World War. 11 Since then, numerous studies about the thermal [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and catalytic [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] pyrolysis of triglycerides and Vol. 20, No.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, characterization and use of Nb2O5 based catalysts in producing biofuels by transesterification, esterification and pyrolysis

Brandão¹,

Quirino²,

Mello³

et al. 2009

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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“…Due to their high viscosity (about 11 to 17 times higher than diesel fuel) and low volatility, they do not burn completely and form deposits in the fuel injector of diesel engines. Furthermore, acrolein (a highly toxic substance) is formed through thermal decomposition of glycerol 32,[83][84][85][86][87] . Different ways have been considered to reduce the high viscosity of vegetable oils:…”

Section: Fatty Acid Alkyl Esters As Biodieselmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transesterification of vegetable oils: a review

Schuchardt¹,

Sercheli²,

Vargas³

1998

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

976

539

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A transesterificação de óleos vegetais com metanol, bem como as principais aplicações de ésteres metílicos de ácidos graxos, são revisadas. São descritos os aspectos gerais desse processo e a aplicabilidade de diferentes tipos de catalisadores (ácidos, hidróxidos, alcóxidos e carbonatos de metais alcalinos, enzimas e bases não-iônicas, como aminas, amidinas, guanidinas e triamino(imino)fosforanos). Enfoque especial é dado às guanidinas, que podem ser facilmente heterogeneizadas em polímeros orgânicos. No entanto, as bases ancoradas lixiviam dos polímeros. Novas estratégias para a obtenção de guanidinas heterogeneizadas mais resistentes à lixiviação são propostas. Finalmente, são descritas várias aplicações para ésteres de ácidos graxos, obtidos por transesterificação de óleos vegetais.The transesterification of vegetable oils with methanol as well as the main uses of the fatty acid methyl esters are reviewed. The general aspects of this process and the applicability of different types of catalysts (acids, alkaline metal hydroxides, alkoxides and carbonates, enzymes and non-ionic bases, such as amines, amidines, guanidines and triamino(imino)phosphoranes) are described. Special attention is given to guanidines, which can be easily heterogenized on organic polymers. However, the anchored catalysts show leaching problems. New strategies to obtain non-leaching guanidine-containing catalysts are proposed. Finally, several applications of fatty acid esters, obtained by transesterification of vegetable oils, are described.

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“…Soybean oil was thermally decomposed and distilled in air and nitrogen sparged with a standard ASTM distillation apparatus (Niehaus et al, 1986;Schwab et al, 1988). Schwab et al (1988) used saower oil as a high oleic oil control.…”

Section: Thermal Cracking (Pyrolysis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schwab et al (1988) used saower oil as a high oleic oil control. The total identi®ed hydrocarbons obtained from the distillation of soybean and high oleic saower oils were 73±77 and 80±88% respectively.…”

Section: Thermal Cracking (Pyrolysis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

00/00868 Biodiesel production: a review

2000

Fuel and Energy Abstracts

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Biodiesel has become more attractive recently because of its environmental bene®ts and the fact that it is made from renewable resources. The cost of biodiesel, however, is the main hurdle to commercialization of the product. The used cooking oils are used as raw material, adaption of continuous transesteri®cation process and recovery of high quality glycerol from biodiesel by-product (glycerol) are primary options to be considered to lower the cost of biodiesel. There are four primary ways to make biodiesel, direct use and blending, microemulsions, thermal cracking (pyrolysis) and transesteri®cation. The most commonly used method is transesteri®cation of vegetable oils and animal fats. The transesteri®cation reaction is aected by molar ratio of glycerides to alcohol, catalysts, reaction temperature, reaction time and free fatty acids and water content of oils or fats. The mechanism and kinetics of the transesteri®cation show how the reaction occurs and progresses. The processes of transesteri®cation and its downstream operations are also addressed. Ó

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Diesel fuel from thermal decomposition of soybean oil

Cited by 242 publications

References 13 publications

Synthesis, characterization and use of Nb2O5 based catalysts in producing biofuels by transesterification, esterification and pyrolysis

Synthesis, characterization and use of Nb2O5 based catalysts in producing biofuels by transesterification, esterification and pyrolysis

Transesterification of vegetable oils: a review

00/00868 Biodiesel production: a review

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