Diesel Exhaust Treatment - New Approaches to Ultra Low Emission Diesel Vehicles

Lüders, Hartmut; Stommel, Peter; Geckler, Sam

doi:10.4271/1999-01-0108

Cited by 44 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Primary lean-NOx catalysis options include passive lean-NOx catalysis, active lean-NOx catalysis, and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) [2]. Passive lean-NOx systems utilize only unburned hydrocarbons present in the exhaust stream to affect NOx reduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation Effects on the Performance of Silica-Doped Hydrous Titanium Oxide (HTO:Si)-Supported Pt Catalysts for Lean-Burn NOx Reduction by Hydrocarbons

Gardner¹,

McLaughlin²,

Mowery³

et al. 2002

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This report describes the development of bulk hydrous titanium oxide (HTO)-and silicadoped hydrous titanium oxide (HTO:Si)-supported Pt catalysts for lean-burn NOx catalyst applications. The effects of various preparation methods, including both anion and cation exchange, and specifically the effect of Na content on the performance of Pt/HTO:Si catalysts, were evaluated. Pt/HTO:Si catalysts with low Na content (< 0.5 wt.%) were found to be very active for NOx reduction in simulated lean-burn exhaust environments utilizing propylene as the major reductant species. The activity and performance of these low Na Pt/HTO:Si catalysts were comparable to supported Pt catalysts prepared using conventional oxide or zeolite supports. In ramp down temperature profile test conditions, Pt/HTO:Si catalysts with Na contents in the range of 3-5 wt.% showed a wide temperature window of appreciable NOx conversion relative to low Na Pt/HTO:Si catalysts. Full reactant species analysis using both ramp up and isothermal test conditions with the high Na Pt/HTO:Si catalysts, as well as diffuse reflectance FTIR studies, showed that this phenomenon was related to transient NOx storage effects associated with NaNO 2 /NaNO 3 formation. These nitrite/nitrate species were found to decompose and release NOx at temperatures above 300°C in the reaction environment (ramp up profile). A separate NOx uptake experiment at 275°C in NO/N 2 /O 2 showed that the Na phase was inefficiently utilized for NOx storage. Steady state tests showed that the effect of increased Na content was to delay NOx light-off and to decrease the maximum NOx conversion. Similar results were observed for high K Pt/HTO:Si catalysts, and the effects of high alkali content were found to be independent of the sample preparation technique. Catalyst characterization (BET surface area, H 2 chemisorption, and transmission electron microscopy) was performed to elucidate differences between the HTO-and HTO:Sisupported Pt catalysts and conventional oxide-or zeolite-supported Pt catalysts.4

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation Effects on the Performance of Silica-Doped Hydrous Titanium Oxide (HTO:Si)-Supported Pt Catalysts for Lean-Burn NOx Reduction by Hydrocarbons

Gardner¹,

McLaughlin²,

Mowery³

et al. 2002

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“…The influence of NO2 on soot oxidation, in conjunction with a highly selective NO to NO2 oxidation promoting catalytic coating on a DPF, was studied experimentally and theoretically for the first time in 35) . At that time, NO2-regenerative technologies were practiced with uncatalyzed filters 60,62) , and it was suggested that combinations of NO2-regenerative technologies with catalytic filters could lower the dependence of NO2-regenerative technologies on high engine-out NOx concentrations, as NOx emission standards become tighter. This has now become standard practice 60) .…”

Section: Catalytic Oxidation Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At that time, NO2-regenerative technologies were practiced with uncatalyzed filters 60,62) , and it was suggested that combinations of NO2-regenerative technologies with catalytic filters could lower the dependence of NO2-regenerative technologies on high engine-out NOx concentrations, as NOx emission standards become tighter. This has now become standard practice 60) . PGM-based CDPFs do not have a strong direct soot oxidation activity 11) and their operation depends on the balance between NO2 and soot in the exhaust.…”

Section: Catalytic Oxidation Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on the Science and Technology of Diesel Particulate Filters

Konstandopoulos

Papaioannou²

2008

KONA

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“…[2] describes new approach to ultra emissions Diesel vehicles that comply with the proposed emission standards. Advanced exhaust gas aftertreatment technology, including Diesel particulate filters and NO x catalysts were investigated with regard to suitability for large-scale vehicle application.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation On Diesel Engine Performance By Injecting Di-Ethyl Ether As An Additive With Exhaust Gas Recirculation Using Diesel Particulate Filter

R¹,

K.S²

2014

IJIRSET

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Diesel engines are the main power source for the automobiles but emission norms are strict for any engine. Among the main pollutants PM, NO x , CO, HC, SO x , aldehydes most harmful pollutants of diesel engine are NOx and PM. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is effective for the reduction of NOx emission from engines but also reduces efficiency. This happens due to accumulation of burnt gases in combustion chamber. Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF) are designed to reduce the mass emissions of diesel particulate matter and have proven to be effective in this aspect. The aim of this work is to analyze the effect of EGR on the engine performance and exhaust emission characteristics. The work carried out on the four stroke four cylinder Diesel engine. Experimentation involves the addition of oxygenated fuel Di-Ethyl Ether with the Diesel fuel. The results showed the increase in brake thermal efficiency and decrease in specific fuel consumption with increase in EGR valve opening due to the supply of extra oxygen molecule by the additive. Further, a significant reduction in the emissions of PM, NO x , HC, CO was observed with the application of DPF into the exhaust of engine.

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Diesel Exhaust Treatment - New Approaches to Ultra Low Emission Diesel Vehicles

Cited by 44 publications

References 5 publications

Preparation Effects on the Performance of Silica-Doped Hydrous Titanium Oxide (HTO:Si)-Supported Pt Catalysts for Lean-Burn NOx Reduction by Hydrocarbons

Preparation Effects on the Performance of Silica-Doped Hydrous Titanium Oxide (HTO:Si)-Supported Pt Catalysts for Lean-Burn NOx Reduction by Hydrocarbons

Update on the Science and Technology of Diesel Particulate Filters

Investigation On Diesel Engine Performance By Injecting Di-Ethyl Ether As An Additive With Exhaust Gas Recirculation Using Diesel Particulate Filter

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