Dielectric plug-loaded two-port transmission line measurement technique for dielectric property characterization of granular and liquid materials

Permittivity Determination of Fresh Cement-Based Materials by an Open-Ended Waveguide Probe Using Amplitude-Only Measurements

“…3 and 4 that there is a good agreement between measurement results of the proposed method and those of the methods in [38] and [39]. This validates the accuracy and derivations of permittivity in Section 2.…”

“…For more details, reader can refer to [37]. For verification of the measurements by the proposed method, we also applied two other methods [38,39]. In the application of these methods, we positioned some of the prepared samples (each 15 mm in length) between two low-loss polytetrafluoro-ethylene (PTFE) samples with different lengths (5 mm and 7 mm) for the method in [38] and identical lengths (5 mm) for the method in [39].…”

“…For verification of the measurements by the proposed method, we also applied two other methods [38,39]. In the application of these methods, we positioned some of the prepared samples (each 15 mm in length) between two low-loss polytetrafluoro-ethylene (PTFE) samples with different lengths (5 mm and 7 mm) for the method in [38] and identical lengths (5 mm) for the method in [39]. We assumed that the complex permittivities of the quartz and PTFE samples, respectively, are 3.78 − j0.00006 [40] and 2.043 − j0.00076 [40,41].…”

A Metric Function for Fast and Accurate Permittivity Determination of Low-to-High-Loss Materials From Reflection Measurements

“…Resonant methods have much better accuracy and sensitivity than nonresonant methods [1,2,16,17]. They are generally applied to characterization of low-loss materials and require a meticulous sample preparation before measurements.…”

A New Microwave Method Based on Transmission Scattering Parameter Measurements for Simultaneous Broadband and Stable Permittivity and Permeability Determination

“…Because initially this technique was considered for a three-layer structure, a modification has been made to suit it for granular and liquid materials plugged (or sandwiched) by two low-loss materials [8] and for high-loss thin materials backed by a low-loss material which is used solely for holding thin materials [9]. It is well-known that derived equations for ε and µ in the NRW technique and its extended versions briefly discussed above [6][7][8][9] will become algebraically unstable when S 11 approaches zero. This is a general case for low-loss materials.…”