The piezoelectric generation of perovskite BaTiO 3 thin films on a flexible substrate has been applied to convert mechanical energy to electrical energy for the first time. Ferroelectric BaTiO 3 thin films were deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering on a Pt/Ti/SiO 2 /(100) Si substrate and poled under an electric field of 100 kV/cm. The metal-insulator (BaTiO 3 )-metal-structured ribbons were successfully transferred onto a flexible substrate and connected by interdigitated electrodes. When periodically deformed by a bending stage, a flexible BaTiO 3 nanogenerator can generate an output voltage of up to 1.0 V. The fabricated nanogenerator produced an output current density of 0.19 µA/cm 2 and a power density of ∼7 mW/cm 3 . The results show that a nanogenerator can be used to power flexible displays by means of mechanical agitations for future touchable display technologies.KEYWORDS BaTiO 3 , thin film, piezoelectric, flexible electronics, nanogenerator, energy harvesting E nergy harvesting technologies that convert existing sources of energies, such as thermal energy as well as vibrational and mechanical energy from the natural sources of wind, waves, or animal movements into electrical energy, is attracting immense interest in the scientific community. [1][2][3][4][5][6] The fabrication of nanogenerators is particularly interesting because it can even scavenge the biomechanical energy from inside the human body, such as the heart beat, blood flow, muscle stretching, or eye blinking, and turn it into electricity to power implantable biodevices. [7][8][9] One way of harvesting electrical energy from the mechanical energy of ambient vibrations is to utilize the piezoelectric properties of ferroelectric materials. Piezoelectric harvesting has been proposed and investigated by many researchers.10-14 Chen et al. 12 reported on the fabrication of a nanogenerator that involves the use of lead zirconate titanate (PbZr x Ti 1-x O 3 , PZT) nanofibers on a bulk Si substrate. The PZT nanofibers were connected to interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) and, when pressure was applied perpendicularly to the nanogenerator surface, the nanogenerator producedanoutstandingoutputvoltage.Wangandco-workers 13,14 used piezoelectric ZnO nanowires to develop a multiple lateral-nanowire-array integrated nanogenerator (LING) 13 and a high-output nanogenerator (HONG) 14 on plastic substrates. They also demonstrated the feasibility of harvesting energy from the breath and heartbeat of animals. 9 As of today, the nanogenerator has an output voltage of 2 V, and the power generated can be used to power a commercial light-emitting diode (LED).14 Recently, there have been attempts to transfer flexible perovskite materials and capacitors onto flexible substrates for the purpose of utilizing the high inherent piezo-properties of ferroelectric materials from bulk substrates. 15,16 In those attempts, perovskite thin films (PZT and BaTiO 3 ) deposited on bulk substrates were annealed at high temperatures and transferred onto plastic sub...