Piezoelectric BaTiO<sub>3</sub>Thin Film Nanogenerator on Plastic Substrates

Park, Kwi‐Il; Xu, Sheng; Liu, Ying; Hwang, Geon‐Tae; Kang, Suk–Joong L.; Wang, Zhong Lin; Lee, Keon Jae

doi:10.1021/nl102959k

Cited by 727 publications

(475 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Mechanicalto-electrical transduction mechanisms in piezoelectric materials offer viable routes to energy harvesting in such cases, as demonstrated and analyzed by several groups recently (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). For example, proposals exist for devices that convert heartbeat vibrations into electrical energy using resonantly coupled motions of thick (1-2 mm) piezoelectric ceramic beams on brass substrates (1).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The associated electrical power is substantially less than that required for operation of existing classes of implants, such as pacemakers. Some improvement in performance is possible with thin-film geometries, as demonstrated in bending experiments on devices based on barium titanate (16) and lead zirconate titanate (PZT) (11,12,17). In vivo evaluations are needed, however, to assess the suitability for realistic use and potential for producing practical levels of power.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Conformal piezoelectric energy harvesting and storage from motions of the heart, lung, and diaphragm

Dağdeviren

Yang

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

759

615

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Here, we report advanced materials and devices that enable highefficiency mechanical-to-electrical energy conversion from the natural contractile and relaxation motions of the heart, lung, and diaphragm, demonstrated in several different animal models, each of which has organs with sizes that approach human scales. A cointegrated collection of such energy-harvesting elements with rectifiers and microbatteries provides an entire flexible system, capable of viable integration with the beating heart via medical sutures and operation with efficiencies of ∼2%. Additional experiments, computational models, and results in multilayer configurations capture the key behaviors, illuminate essential design aspects, and offer sufficient power outputs for operation of pacemakers, with or without battery assist.biomedical implants | flexible electronics | transfer printing | wearable electronics | heterogeneous integration N early all classes of active wearable and implantable biomedical devices rely on some form of battery power for operation. Heart rate monitors, pacemakers, implantable cardioverterdefibrillators, and neural stimulators together represent a broad subset of bioelectronic devices that provide continuous diagnostics and therapy in this mode. Although advances in battery technology have led to substantial reductions in overall sizes and increases in storage capacities, operational lifetimes remain limited, rarely exceeding a few days for wearable devices and a few years for implants. Surgical procedures to replace the depleted batteries of implantable devices are thus essential, exposing patients to health risks, heightened morbidity, and even potential mortality. The health burden and costs are substantial, and thus motivate efforts to eliminate batteries altogether, or to extend their lifetimes in a significant way.Investigations into energy-harvesting strategies to replace batteries demonstrate several unusual ways to extract power from chemical, mechanical, electrical, and thermal processes in the human body (1, 2). Examples include use of glucose oxidation (3), electric potentials of the inner ear (4), mechanical movements of limbs, and natural vibrations of internal organs (5-7). Such phenomena provide promising opportunities for power supply to wearable and implantable devices (6-8). A recent example involves a hybrid kinetic device integrated with the heart for applications with pacemakers (7). More speculative approaches, based on analytical models of harvesting from pressure-driven deformations of an artery by magneto-hydrodynamics, also exist (9).Cardiac and lung motions, in particular, serve as inexhaustible sources of energy during the lifespan of a patient. Mechanicalto-electrical transduction mechanisms in piezoelectric materials offer viable routes to energy harvesting in such cases, as demonstrated and analyzed by several groups recently (10-17). For example, proposals exist for devices that convert heartbeat vibrations into electrical energy using resonantly coupled motions of thick (1-2 mm) pi...

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Conformal piezoelectric energy harvesting and storage from motions of the heart, lung, and diaphragm

Dağdeviren

Yang

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

759

615

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“…The PZT based implantable energy harvesting devices can also be powered by ultrasonic, which is an effective way of converting acoustic energy into electricity 44. Shi et al reported a piezoelectric ultrasonic energy harvester (PUEH) based on microfabricated PZT diaphragm array with a size of 5 mm × 5 mm, which has advantages of extra wide operation bandwidth and controlled outputs.…”

Section: Materials and Device Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress on Piezoelectric and Triboelectric Energy Harvesters in Biomedical Systems

et al. 2017

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Implantable medical devices (IMDs) have become indispensable medical tools for improving the quality of life and prolonging the patient's lifespan. The minimization and extension of lifetime are main challenges for the development of IMDs. Current innovative research on this topic is focused on internal charging using the energy generated by the physiological environment or natural body activity. To harvest biomechanical energy efficiently, piezoelectric and triboelectric energy harvesters with sophisticated structural and material design have been developed. Energy from body movement, muscle contraction/relaxation, cardiac/lung motions, and blood circulation is captured and used for powering medical devices. Other recent progress in this field includes using PENGs and TENGs for our cognition of the biological processes by biological pressure/strain sensing, or direct intervention of them for some special self‐powered treatments. Future opportunities lie in the fabrication of intelligent, flexible, stretchable, and/or fully biodegradable self‐powered medical systems for monitoring biological signals and treatment of various diseases in vitro and in vivo.

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“…BaTiO 3 thin-film-based NG fabricated by soft lithographic printing technique can produce an output voltage of 1.0 V and current density of 0.19 μA/cm 2 . 19 Although the abovementioned result is outstanding, there is no report about using BaTiO 3 nanotubes to fabricate a NG. As the size of the piezoelectric materials is reduced to the nanoscale, the conversion efficiency of mechanical energy has been found to be improved dramatically, attributing to the larger piezoelectric coefficients and deformations, which are proportional to the generated potential.…”

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confidence: 99%

BaTiO₃ Nanotubes-Based Flexible and Transparent Nanogenerators

Lin

Yang

et al. 2012

J. Phys. Chem. Lett.

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ABSTRACT:We have developed a simple, cost-effective, and scalable approach to fabricate a piezoelectric nanogenerator (NG) with stretchable and flexible characteristics using BaTiO 3 nanotubes, which were synthesized by the hydrothermal method. The NG was fabricated by making a composite of the nanotubes with polymer poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). The peak open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current of the NG reached a high level of 5.5 V and 350 nA (current density of 350 nA/cm 2 ), respectively. It was used to directly drive a commercial liquid crystal display. The BaTiO 3 nanotubes/PDMS composite is highly transparent and useful for a large-scale (11 × 11 cm) fabrication of lead-free piezoelectric NG. NGs fabricated by PZT nanofibers 16 and nanowires 17 have been demonstrated to provide output voltages of 1.63 and 0.7 V, respectively. However, the component lead in PZT has the concern of toxic effect toward human health and environmental problems.18 Consequently, it has motivated the search for perovskite piezoelectric materials with lead-free properties comparable to PZT with a reduced environmental impact. BaTiO 3 thin-film-based NG fabricated by soft lithographic printing technique can produce an output voltage of 1.0 V and current density of 0.19 μA/cm 2 . 19 Although the abovementioned result is outstanding, there is no report about using BaTiO 3 nanotubes to fabricate a NG. As the size of the piezoelectric materials is reduced to the nanoscale, the conversion efficiency of mechanical energy has been found to be improved dramatically, attributing to the larger piezoelectric coefficients and deformations, which are proportional to the generated potential. 20−22 In this letter, lead-free BaTiO 3 nanotubes were used to fabricate the piezoelectric NG. A large number of high-quality BaTiO 3 nanotubes were synthesized through a hydrothermal method. By forming a composite of BaTiO 3 nanotubes with poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) polymer, flexible and transparent NG was developed easily after applying a direct poling process. Under periodic external mechanical deformation by a linear motor, we obtained very stable and high output piezoelectric signals, that is, an open-circuit voltage (V oc ) of 5.5 V and short-circuit current (I sc ) exceeding 350 nA. The NG was further demonstrated to be easily scaled-up over 11 × 11 cm and can continuously drive a commercial LCD under the biomechanical movements of a human skin.The NG mainly consists of five layers as schematically shown in Figure 1a. The deposited Au/Cr films act as top and bottom electrodes, and the BaTiO 3 nanotubes and PDMS composite mixed with a 3 wt % ratio serve as the source of piezoelectric potential generation under external stress. The polystyrene (PS) substrate and pure PDMS worked as the supporting and protecting layers to sustain the conformation of NG. Figure 1b shows the cross-sectional scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of a 300 μm thick BaTiO 3 nanotubes/PDMS composite, which demonstrates the flexible property of the developed NG. ...

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Piezoelectric BaTiO₃Thin Film Nanogenerator on Plastic Substrates

Cited by 727 publications

References 31 publications

Conformal piezoelectric energy harvesting and storage from motions of the heart, lung, and diaphragm

Conformal piezoelectric energy harvesting and storage from motions of the heart, lung, and diaphragm

Recent Progress on Piezoelectric and Triboelectric Energy Harvesters in Biomedical Systems

BaTiO₃ Nanotubes-Based Flexible and Transparent Nanogenerators

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Piezoelectric BaTiO3Thin Film Nanogenerator on Plastic Substrates

Cited by 727 publications

References 31 publications

Conformal piezoelectric energy harvesting and storage from motions of the heart, lung, and diaphragm

Conformal piezoelectric energy harvesting and storage from motions of the heart, lung, and diaphragm

Recent Progress on Piezoelectric and Triboelectric Energy Harvesters in Biomedical Systems

BaTiO3 Nanotubes-Based Flexible and Transparent Nanogenerators

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Product

Resources

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Piezoelectric BaTiO₃Thin Film Nanogenerator on Plastic Substrates

BaTiO₃ Nanotubes-Based Flexible and Transparent Nanogenerators