Die wasserl�slichen Bestandteile der peripheren Hornschicht (Hautoberfl�che) Quantitative Analysen

Spier, H. W.; Pascher, G.

doi:10.1007/bf00477275

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In this study, a significant but relatively moderate suppression of neutrophil activation was seen with UCA concentration of 100/zg/ml. This represents a lower concentration than the estimated values for epidermal UCA in man, which have ranged from 0.7 to 5 mg/ml (5,6). Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that increased UCA levels, especially those of the cis isomer may occur locally after UVB-irradiation (29), which may be capable of suppressing even more efficiently the release of reactive oxygen metabolites and destructive enzymes from neutrophils in inflamed skin after excessive sunbathing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Urocanic acid suppresses the activation of human neutrophils in vitro

Punnonen

Toppari

et al. 1996

Inflammation

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Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light impairs the function of inflammatory cells. Urocanic acid (UCA) in an stratum corneum has been suggested as a mediator in the immunosuppression of lymphoid cells detected after irradiation with UVB (UV wavelengths 280-320 nm). In this study, we examined the effects of the two UCA isomers, trans and cis UCA on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes, neutrophils. It was found that treatment of cells with either trans of cis UCA isomers inhibited the opsonized zymosan-induced respiratory burst activity, measured with luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence assay. Both isomers were also able to partially block the up-regulation of complement receptors 1 (CR1; CD35) and 3 (CR3; CD11b/ CD18) in N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-stimulated neutrophils. These results indicate that the isomerization of trans UCA to cis UCA is not essential for the action of UCA on neutrophils. Neither of the UCA isomers were found to induce cyclic AMP (cAMP) formation in 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine treated cells, suggesting that the activation of adenylate cyclase cAMP system is not involved in UCA provoked suppression of neutrophils. It is concluded that the function of UCA may be protective, to suppress the activation of human neutrophils in inflamed, sunburned epidermis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Urocanic acid (UCA) is a major UV-absorbing component of the stratum comeum, formed by the enzyme histidase (3,4), It is found in relative high concentrations (mg/ml levels) in the epidermis (5,6). UCA exists predominantly as the trans isomer, which has been suggested to be a photoreceptor for UVinduced immunosuppression (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urocanic acid suppresses the activation of human neutrophils in vitro

Punnonen

Toppari

et al. 1996

Inflammation

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“…Later, Spier and Pascher [1959a] found the same substance in w ater extracts of hum an skin scrapings. Urocanic acid is present in this m aterial in the trans-and the cis-form.…”

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confidence: 95%

“…The role of urocanic acid in protecting the skin against ultraviolet light is still obscure. Spier and Pascher [1959a] thought th at urocanic acid originates from histidine, the enzyme histidase playing a role in this process. Later, Raeven and Cox [1965] dem onstrated histochemieally the presence of histidine in the skin, mainly localized in the keratohyaline granules of the stratum granulosum, hut also in the epidermal part of follicles and sweat ducts.…”

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confidence: 99%

On the Origin of Urocanic Acid in the Horny Layer

Smeenk¹,

Rijnbeek²

1970

Dermatology

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In 4 volunteers samples of skin scrapings taken at various depths on the fore-arms were collected for determination of the urocanic acid, amino-nitrogen, and sodium content. The percentage of urocanic acid in the samples from deeper levels was higher than in the superficial material. The ratio between the amounts of urocanic acid and amino-nitrogen was the same in all layers. It is therefore concluded that the urocanic acid in the human stratum corneum is of epidermal origin and is not derived from sweat.

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“…Im Gegensatz zu einigen gesicherten Kenntnissen über die physiologische Funktion des Harnstoffs auf der Hautoberfläche oder im Stratum corneum [11,25,26] ist die Harnstoffwirkung auf die lebende Epidermiszelle erst vor kurzem untersucht worden [33][34][35][36][37][38]. Dabei ergab sich, dass bereits nach kur zer Kontaktzeit mit reinem Harnstoff eine Epidermisverdünnung nachgewie sen werden konnte [34][35][36], wobei nach entsprechenden enzymologischen, autoradiographischen und zytophotometrischen Befunden der Anlass dazu in verschiedenen Vorgängen bei der epidermalen Regeneration zu suchen ist [33][34][35]38] Unter diesen Gesichtspunkten ist bei der therapeutischen Anwendung von Harnstoff bzw.…”

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Die therapeutische Harnstoffwirkung auf die Haut

Wohlrab¹

1977

Dermatology

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Long-term application up to 8 weeks of a 10% urea solution provokes an epidermal thinning expressed in a decreased number of DNA-synthetizing cells. This epidermal reaction cannot be established after topical use of HTH® emulsion. Even by daily application during 8 weeks no change was seen. The absence of epidermal thinning after HTH exposure can be explained as an additive effect of urea and the other constituents of the HTH emulsion. This opinion is supported by the results after application of urea together with Tween 60 in that the acanthogenic effect of Tween 60 is decreased by addition of urea. On the other side, the therapeutic efficiency of 10% 5-fluorouracil solution can be increased remarkably by preliminary treatment with HTH emulsion. These findings could reach importance in the topical therapy with regard to the possibility to improve the effectiveness of any drug by addition of, or preliminary treatment with, urea.

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Die wasserl�slichen Bestandteile der peripheren Hornschicht (Hautoberfl�che) Quantitative Analysen

Cited by 17 publications

References 3 publications

Urocanic acid suppresses the activation of human neutrophils in vitro

Urocanic acid suppresses the activation of human neutrophils in vitro

On the Origin of Urocanic Acid in the Horny Layer

Die therapeutische Harnstoffwirkung auf die Haut

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