Die Organoschwefelchemie der Gattung Allium und ihre Bedeutung für die organische Chemie des Schwefels

Block, Eric

doi:10.1002/ange.19921040906

Cited by 89 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 287 publications

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“…Antimicrobials of plant origin have enormous therapeutic potential (Al-Bakri and Afi fi , 2007) as antifungal, antiprotozoal, antihelminthic and antiviral (Carson, 1987;Block, 1992;Bruneton, 1995;Hammer et al, 2000;Davicino et al, 2007). Some antimicrobial plants are employed as popular folk medicines, whereas others have gained popularity in the form of fi nished products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Antifungal activity of the aqueous extract of Ilex paraguariensis against Malassezia furfur

Filip

Davicino

Anesini

2009

Phytotherapy Research

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Malassezia furfur is a lipodependent, dimorphic and saprophyte fungus which causes pityriasis versicolor, dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis in humans. The drugs available to treat this fungal infection are few. These drugs are highly toxic and are costly when used in prolonged treatments. For these reasons, it is necessary to find new compounds to treat these infections. Ilex paraguariensis St Hilaire is a plant that grows in Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the aqueous extract of Ilex paraguariensis on the growth of M. furfur. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed to identify and isolate compounds of I. paraguariensis and the agar-well diffusion method was used to assess the antifungal activity of the extract. The fungicidal/fungistatic effect was evaluated by the modified Thompson assay. The results demonstrated that the aqueous extract of Ilex paraguariensis (1000 mg/ml) possesses inhibitory activity against M. furfur. This antimalassezial activity was equivalent to 2.7 microg/ml of ketoconazole. Therefore, the topical use of Ilex paraguariensis extract as alternative antifungal agent can be suggested.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Antifungal activity of the aqueous extract of Ilex paraguariensis against Malassezia furfur

Filip

Davicino

Anesini

2009

Phytotherapy Research

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“…Antiplatelet activity of garlic species has been mimicked with ajoene [(E,Z)4,5,9-trithiadodeca-1,6,11-triene-9-oxide], a synthetic derivative of garlic, which was shown to block both ADP-and collagen-induced aggregation [26] . The antiaggregatory effects of A. sativum have been attributed to the S-allyl-L -cysteine sulfoxides which are generated by the thermolabile enzyme alliinase [9,27] . It is assumed that for antiaggregatory efficacy alliin has to be degraded by this enzyme, which can be (20 mol/l ADP; ADP aggregation: ethyl acetate: 2 8 1%; chloroform extract: 3 8 1%; control aggregation (ADP only): 58 8 4%).…”

Section: Platelet Aggregation (A Ursinum)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A proportion of 0.35-1.15% alliin (S-allyl-L -(+)-cysteinsulfoxide) was found in fresh garlic bulbs as well as the enzyme alliinase which degrades alliin to allicin (allyl-2-propenthiosulfinate). The latter decomposes to several volatile strongsmelling sulfur compounds, such as E-and Z-ajoene and vinyldithiines [9][10][11][12] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiplatelet Activity of Allium ursinum and Allium sativum

Hiyasat¹,

Sabha

Grötzinger

et al. 2009

Pharmacology

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Objectives: Garlic (Allium sativum) has a well-established reputation as a protective agent against cardiovascular disease, while nearly nothing is known about its cousin Allium ursinum. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiaggregatory mechanism of garlic and to compare the effects of A. ursinum and A. sativum. Methods: In a prospective study, extracts were prepared from A. sativum powder made from fresh A. sativum bulbs and fresh A. ursinum leaves by maceration. The extracts were characterized by thin layer chromatography. Their in vitro effects on human platelet aggregation were examined by light transmission aggregometry after induction by adenosine diphosphate (ADP), collagen, A23187, epinephrine and arachidonic acid (ARA) in platelets from healthy volunteers. Results:A. ursinum and A. sativum exert similar antiaggregatory effects: they inhibit platelet aggregation induced via the ADP pathway and to a lesser extent aggregation induced by epinephrine, whereas ARA-, collagen- and A23187-induced aggregation was not affected. It became clear that the alcoholic extract of A. ursinum is the potent form, while the aqueous extract exerted an unspecific activity. The effects were strictly dose related. A. ursinum and A. sativum extracts exhibited similar potencies. Conclusion: Both A. ursinum and A. sativum exert antiaggregatory effects. Garlic extracts are acting by inhibition of the ADP pathway; their mechanisms of action are comparable to that of the clinically used drug clopidogrel. The pharmacologically active component of the extracts appears to be lipophilic rather than hydrophilic, but the precise chemical substance is still unknown. This is the first report on the antiplatelet activity of A. ursinum.

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“…Garlic (Allium sativum, L.) possesses intrinsic antibiotic activity [70]. This activity is principally attributed to 2-propenesulfenic acid, which after cleaving gives allicin, a thiosulfinate [71]. Additional compounds isolated from garlic extracts [69] include compounds 48 and 49, (Fig.…”

Section: Fig (6)mentioning

confidence: 98%

Chemical Communication-Do We Have a Quorum?

Konaklieva

Plotkin²

2006

MRMC

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There are two types of bacterial communication systems, those in which the signal produced by bacteria is directed only at other organisms, and those where the signal is detected by others and self. The latter is involved in adaptation to the environment. The adaptation signals are autoinducers, the response is population density-dependent and has been termed "quorum sensing". Our current knowledge of bacterial signaling systems indicates that Gram positive bacteria use small peptides for both types of signaling, whereas Gram negative organisms use homoserine lactones as autoinducers. Gram- negative bacteria internalize the signals which act upon an intracellular receptor. Gram-positive bacteria use the signals as ligands for an extracellular receptor of a two-component signaling system. Inhibitors of quorum sensing compounds for both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria are being explored. Signal inhibitors could be potentially effective in impeding biofilm formation, which might prolong the utility of the currently available antibiotics in this era of antibiotic resistance. In this review, we will explore both bacteria-host and bacteria-bacteria communication systems, with an emphasis on inhibitors of these systems both natural and synthetic.

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Die Organoschwefelchemie der Gattung Allium und ihre Bedeutung für die organische Chemie des Schwefels

Cited by 89 publications

References 287 publications

Antifungal activity of the aqueous extract of Ilex paraguariensis against Malassezia furfur

Antifungal activity of the aqueous extract of Ilex paraguariensis against Malassezia furfur

Antiplatelet Activity of <i>Allium ursinum</i> and <i>Allium sativum</i>

Chemical Communication-Do We Have a Quorum?

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