Die Liquordiagnostik im Kindesalter (einschl. Encephalographie)

Samson, Kurt

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-90646-6_7

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…These authors included traumatic punctures in their analysis (RBC up to 1000/mm 3 or RBC up to 45000/mm 3 , respectively). Several studies showed that the average CSF WBC count is 6 to 7 cell/ mm 3 in neonates but these studies evaluated healthy neonates [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] ; this is very close to the results we found (4.5/mm 3 and 5.1/mm 3 ). The standard deviations were of the same magnitude as the means, or even greater, which is a reflection of the skewness of these distributions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Several authors have pointed out that there is an acceptable variability in the CSF profile, especially CSF WBC count, in neonates 1,[3][4][5][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] . Furthermore, early detection of neonatal meningitis is a continuing concern in the Neonatal Intensive Care unit 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although normal values are well established for CSF cell counts and protein and glucose contents in children and adults, this is not the case for neonates 3,4 . Several studies have been conducted in order to determine the range of normal cellularity in noninfected CSF neonates but shortcomings of their methodology were: the inclusion of cases with traumatic lumbar puncture (LP) 1,[4][5][6][7] , and performance before the availability of modern obstetrical and neonatal intensive care facilities [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] which have resulted in survival of a large number of infants who are at high-risk of developing systemic bacterial diseases because of *Serviço de Pediatria, Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brasil: Professor Assistente; **Laboratório de Liquorologia (LCR) da Fundacão José Silveira, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil: Médico Liquorologista. Aceite: 23-março-1998.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Normal cerebrospinal fluid values in full-term gestation and premature neonates

Nascimento‐Carvalho

Moreno-Carvalho²

1998

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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-Results of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examinations from 77 high-risk neonates were reviewed. The mean CSF white cells (WBC) count was 4.5 cell/mm 3 , being two standard deviations above the mean 11.7 cells/ mm 3 in the full-term gestation neonate group; in the premature neonate one, the mean CSF WBC count was 5.1 cells/mm 3 , being two standard deviations above the mean 16.7 cell/mm 3 . PMNs (polymorphonuclear leukocytes) were present in less than 40% of those children, being the mean PMN percentage 4.2% and 0.6%, the mean ANC (absolute neutrophil count) was 0.3/mm 3 and 0.06/mm 3 , in full-term gestation neonate group and premature neonate one, respectively. The mean CSF protein concentration is significantly greater in those premature neonates (101.2 mg/dl) compared with that in term neonates (77.6 mg/dl). The average glucose was just the same in both groups (67 mg/dl). All of these values were from patients who underwent nontraumatic cisternal puncture, with no red blood cells (RBC/mm 3 =0). Traumatic puncture, even up to 500 RBC/mm 3 , interfered on CSF parameters.KEY WORDS: cerebrospinal fluid, neonate, cisternal puncture, normal values. Valores normais do líquido cefalorraqueano em recém-nascidos a termo e prematurosRESUMO -Os resultados do estudo do líquido cefalorraqueano realizado em 77 recém-nascidos de alto risco foram revistos. A média da celularidade foi 4,5 células/mm 3 , sendo a soma da média mais 2 desvios-padrão 11,7 células/mm 3 no grupo de crianças a termo; no grupo de crianças prematuras, a média da celularidade foi 5,1 células/mm 3 , sendo a soma da média mais 2 desvios-padrão 16,7 células/mm3. Neutrófilos estavam presentes em menos de 40% dos exames, sendo a média do percentual de neutrófilos 4,2% e 0,6% e a média da contagem absoluta de neutrófilos 0,3/mm 3 e 0,06/mm 3 , no grupo de crianças a termo e no grupo de crianças prematuras, respectivamente. A média da proteína foi maior entre os prematuros (101,2 mg/dl) quando comparada com a média da proteína entre os recém-nascidos a termo (77,6 mg/dl), sendo a diferença estatisticamente significante. A média da glicose foi a mesma nos 2 grupos (67 mg/dl). Todos estes valores foram decorrentes da análise de exames sem acidente de punção (hemácias/mm 3 = 0). Acidente de punção, mesmo com hemácias < 500/mm 3 , interfere nos parâmetros do líquor. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: líquido cefalorraqueano, recém-nascido, punção cisternal, valores normais.Evaluation of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) white blood cell (WBC) count and glucose and protein concentrations is used to assess the probability of the presence of central nervous system (CNS) infection, mainly bacterial, viral and fungal meningitis 1,2 . Although normal values are well established for CSF cell counts and protein and glucose contents in children and adults, this is not the case for neonates 3,4 . Several studies have been conducted in order to determine the range of normal cellularity in noninfected CSF neonates but shortcomings of their methodology were: the inclusion of cases with traumat...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Normal cerebrospinal fluid values in full-term gestation and premature neonates

Nascimento‐Carvalho

Moreno-Carvalho²

1998

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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“…1 For premature neonates who develop meningitis, the neurodevelopmental consequences are often profound. 2 Despite the relatively high incidence and substantial morbidity, there are only seven published studies describing expected cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 220 preterm neonates (Table 1), [3][4][5][6][7][8] and the most recent of these reports 3 appeared prior to the widespread use of surfactant.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Meningitis in Preterm Neonates: Importance of Cerebrospinal Fluid Parameters

et al. 2008

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Objective: Cerebrospinal fluid parameters are of great importance in diagnosing meningitis, but normal values for preterm neonates are based on small, single-center studies. We sought to determine current values for preterm neonate cerebrospinal fluid parameters and assess the association of cerebrospinal fluid parameters with culture proven meningitis. Results:We identified 95 cases of meningitis from the 4,632 lumbar punctures. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves for white blood cell count, glucose, and protein were 0.80, 0.63, and 0.72 respectively for prediction of culture proven meningitis. Conclusion:Cerebrospinal fluid parameters used to diagnose meningitis in the absence of dependable cerebrospinal fluid cultures are unreliable. Caution should be employed when interpreting cerebrospinal fluid parameters in the premature neonate.

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“…The blood-spinal fluid barrier for proteins has previously been studied (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). Otila (14) found that among premature infants, the spinal fluid protein during the first week of life averaged 100 mg. per cent, and that this did not fall to normal adult levels until about the age of six years.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%