Die Konstitution des Alpensteinbockes (Capra i. ibex L.) in Abhängigkeit von Geschlecht, Alter, Herkunft und Jahreszeit in Graubünden (Schweiz) und im Parco Nazionale Gran Paradiso (Italien)

Giacometti, Marco; Bassano, Bruno; Peracino, V.; Ratti, P.

doi:10.1007/bf02240699

Cited by 11 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Dimorphism among Capra ibex is striking; sexes mainly differ in body mass and horn dimensions (Couturier 1962;Giacometti et al 1997;Michallet et al 1996;Nievergelt 1966Nievergelt , 1978Ratti 1981;Ratti and Habermehl 1977). In Graubü nden, Swiss Alps, in October, the gutted weight of adult females was about 50% of that of adult males (26-36 kg, n 5 1,281 versus 59-80 kg, n 5 357).…”

Section: General Charactersmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In Graubü nden, Swiss Alps, in October, the gutted weight of adult females was about 50% of that of adult males (26-36 kg, n 5 1,281 versus 59-80 kg, n 5 357). In the same colony, differences in length of body and shoulder height between sexes are about 22% (121-141 cm versus 149-171 cm and 73-84 versus 90-101 cm) and for thoracic circumference, about 30% (76-88 versus 100-114 cm- Giacometti et al 1997).…”

Section: General Charactersmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Males older than 9 years in Gran Paradiso National Park, Italy, have a body length of 160.8 6 5.0 cm (mean 6 SD), shoulder height of 97.6 6 1.9 cm, and thoracic circumference of 107.2 6 6.4 cm compared to 159.1 6 1.6 cm, 95.4 6 0.6 cm, and 106.4 6 1.1 cm, respectively, for males of similar age in Graubü nden, Switzerland. Females older than 5 years from Gran Paradiso National Park have a body length of 134.8 6 3.7 cm, shoulder height of 73.2 6 2.4 cm, and thoracic circumference of 80.8 6 2.6 cm compared to 131.9 6 2.4 cm, 78.6 6 0.7 cm, and 82.2 6 2.6 cm in Graubünden (Giacometti et al 1997). Males and females weigh more in autumn and reach their minimum mass at the end of winter.…”

Section: General Charactersmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Females in Graubü nden reach the maximum mass (dressed weight) in October (29.2 6 2.5 kg, n 5 196), which declines during winter and spring by about 33% to a minimum in May (19.6 6 2.8 kg, n 5 15). Body mass of male C. ibex in Gran Paradiso National Park in 1987-1996 was 99.0 6 5.4 kg (n 5 27) in September-November but 78.9 6 8.3 kg (n 5 16) in May-June, equal to a 20.2% loss in body mass during winter (Giacometti et al 1997).…”

Section: General Charactersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Horn cores are isosceles triangular with a narrow frontal surface (Schaller 1977). Maximum length of horns in males is 69-98 cm and in females is 18-35 cm (Giacometti et al 1997). Because horns of C. ibex grow through life, age can be determined by counting horn annuli (Couturier 1962;Nievergelt 1966;Ratti and Habermehl 1977).…”

Section: General Charactersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Capra ibex (Artiodactyla: Bovidae)

Parrini

Cain

Krausman³

2009

Mammalian Species

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Section: General Charactersmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: General Charactersmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: General Charactersmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: General Charactersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: General Charactersmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Capra ibex (Artiodactyla: Bovidae)

Parrini

Cain

Krausman³

2009

Mammalian Species

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Review: Seasonal differences in the physiology of wild northern ruminants

Arnold

2020

Animal

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Ruminants living in seasonal environments face a two-fold challenge during winter. The energetic cost of maintaining a high body temperature is higher at lower ambient temperatures, and this is compounded by poor availability and quality of feed. Wild ruminants acclimatize to this energetic challenge by hypothermia, that is, reduced endogenous heat production and abandoning the maintenance of a high body temperature, particularly in peripheral body parts. Further but lesser contributions to lower energy expenditure during winter are reduced foraging activity; lower heat increment of feeding; and reduced maintenance cost of size-reduced organs. Altogether, metabolic rate, estimated by the continuous measurement of heart rate, during winter is downregulated to more than half of the summer level, as is voluntary food intake, even in animals fed ad libitum. The transformation from the summer into the thrifty winter phenotype is also evident in the physiology of digestion. Microbial protein synthesis is less facilitated by diminished phosphorus secretion into the shrunk rumen during winter. In line with this result, the concentration of ammonia, the end-product of protein digestion in the rumen, peaks in rumen liquid in spring, whereas the molar proportion of acetate, an indicator of fermentation of a diet rich in fiber, peaks in winter. In contrast to reduced stimulation of growth of ruminal microbes during winter, active transport of nutrients across the intestinal epithelium is increased, resulting in more efficient exploitation of the lower amount and quality of ingested winter feed. Nevertheless, the energy balance remains negative during winter. This is compensated by using fat reserves accumulated during summer, which become a major metabolic fuel during winter.

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Accuracy of body weight prediction in Alpine ibex (Capra ibex, L. 1758) using morphometry

Bassano

Bergero

Peracino

2003

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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The relationship between weight and body measurements of 227 Alpine ibex Capra ibex (162 males and 65 females, age range: 2-16 years) were analysed by linear and multiple regression. The animals were live-captured across all seasons of the year, in the Western Italian Alps, 1986-1994. The relationship between weight and body measurements changed with sex and season. In male ibex, the best annual estimation of the body weight was obtained using as predictor variables the squared value of the chest girth and age. In females, the best predictive variables were age, total body length and withers height. Age was always selected as a predictor variable, when considered in the prediction models. The use of chest girth and the squared value of the chest girth as predictive variables in the regression equation, being the most highly correlated linear measurements with total weight, did not result in an accurate prediction of ibex body weight. The best prediction was obtained using age and different linear measurements in stepwise multiple regression, nevertheless the standard error of the estimate and the magnitude of the 95% prediction interval were great. The use of linear measurements cannot be considered accurate nor precise predictors of body weight in Alpine ibex.

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Die Konstitution des Alpensteinbockes (Capra i. ibex L.) in Abhängigkeit von Geschlecht, Alter, Herkunft und Jahreszeit in Graubünden (Schweiz) und im Parco Nazionale Gran Paradiso (Italien)

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

Capra ibex (Artiodactyla: Bovidae)

Capra ibex (Artiodactyla: Bovidae)

Review: Seasonal differences in the physiology of wild northern ruminants

Accuracy of body weight prediction in Alpine ibex (Capra ibex, L. 1758) using morphometry

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