Die Kohlenoxyd‐Spaltung an Nickel

Bahr, H.‐A.; Bahr, Th.

doi:10.1002/cber.19280610921

Cited by 35 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In nine similar experiments, the amounts of nickel were chosen to be less than stoichiometrical with regard to CO in order to obtain an estimate of the CO-disproportionation capability of nickel. The average specific C02 yield was found to be 5.9 ± 0.6 µ /mg of nickel, which is agreement with the theoretical value of 5.7, corroborating similar results in (21)(22)(23).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 88%

Determination of oxygen stable isotope ratios in organic matter containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

Schimmelmann¹,

DeNiro²

1985

Anal. Chem.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 88%

Determination of oxygen stable isotope ratios in organic matter containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

Schimmelmann¹,

DeNiro²

1985

Anal. Chem.

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“…The conditional of proposition 15 that p = 0 for all p ∈ ∂ Γ G γ C implies p = 0 for all p ∈ G γ C , will not be true for most C. Then the partition function diverges and requires regularization. This is already a subtle problem for BF theory [49][50][51][52][53]. The simplicity constraints should reduce the number of divergences we are dealing with though.…”

Section: Regularization Of the Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geometric asymptotics for spin foam lattice gauge gravity on arbitrary triangulations

Hellmann,

Kaminski

2012

Preprint

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We study the behavior of holonomy spin foam partition functions, a form of lattice gauge gravity, on generic 4d-triangulations using micro local analysis. To do so we adapt tools from the renormalization theory of quantum field theory on curved space times. This allows us, for the first time, to study the partition function without taking any limits on the interior of the triangulation.We establish that for many of the most widely used models the geometricity constraints, which reduce the gauge theory to a geometric one, introduce strong accidental curvature constraints. These limit the curvature around each triangle of the triangulation to a finite set of values. We demonstrate how to modify the partition function to avoid this problem. Finally the new methods introduced provide a starting point for studying the regularization ambiguities and renormalization of the partition function.

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“…Craxford's mechanism of carbide formation is difficult to apply to iron catalysts where the main oxygenated product is carbon dioxide rather than water, as on the cobalt catalysts. As cobalt is a much more active catalyst than iron for the water-gas shift reaction, CO + H20 -COi + Hs (3) and because the most active iron catalysts catalyze this reaction to only a slight degree at temperatures below 300°C ., it is probable that water and carbon dioxide are primary products on cobalt and iron catalysts, respectively. There is additional evidence that, although metal carbides are formed on both cobalt and iron, the mechanism of the synthesis on cobalt catalysts differs froth that on iron catalysts.…”

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confidence: 99%

Catalysis in Synthetic Liquid-Fuel Processes.

Storch¹

1945

Ind. Eng. Chem.

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THE main components of the Fischer-Tropsch catalysts that are active in the synthesis of normally liquid hydrocarbons from hydrogen and carbon monoxide-namely, iron, cobalt, nickel, and ruthenium-form relatively unstable carbides of nonionic crystal structures upon exposure to carbon monoxide in the temperature range of the synthesis (26). These carbides react with hydrogen below about 350°C. whereby the carbide is quantitatively converted to methane plus a few per cent of ethane (2-4). Above 350°C. there is extensive decomposition of the •carbides to carbon. It probably is significant that the optimum temperature ranges in this synthesis-185°t o 215°C. for cobalt and 240°to 320°C. for iron catalysts-are below 350°C. Re-action of the carbides with dilute acids results in the formation of normally liquid hydrocarbons (2, 2É).The reaction between carbon monoxide and cobalt or iron or their oxides to form carbides is much too slow (9, 10) to account for the rate of synthesis of hydrocarbons when a mixture of hydrogen arid carbon monoxide is used. In some fashion the presence of hydrogen catalyzes carbide production. Wagenheim (51), who studied the catalysis of the reaction 2CO -* C02 + C by iron at 350°to 500°C ., found that the formation of carbon was markedly accelerated when a little hydrogen is mixed with the carbon monoxide. There is some evidence that carbon formation proceeds by way of the metal carbide (14,16,29).

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Die Kohlenoxyd‐Spaltung an Nickel

Cited by 35 publications

References 11 publications

Determination of oxygen stable isotope ratios in organic matter containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

Determination of oxygen stable isotope ratios in organic matter containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

Geometric asymptotics for spin foam lattice gauge gravity on arbitrary triangulations

Catalysis in Synthetic Liquid-Fuel Processes.

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