Didecyldimethylammonium chloride induces pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in mice

The role of NF-κB signaling pathway in polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate induced inflammatory response in mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells

“…A review of the scientific literature reveals evidence which suggests relationships between disinfectant active ingredients and serious human health problems such as respiratory sensitization, inflammation, asthma, and fibrosis (Bondi, 2011). Didecyldimethylammonium chloride, which is used as a detergent in wood preservatives, has been shown to cause oxidative stress in vitro, and lung inflammation and fibrosis in vivo (Kwon et al, 2014;Ohnuma et al, 2010). Studies have even shown the disinfectants in contact lens cleaning solutions are toxic and cause oxidative stress and induce apoptosis (Dutot et al, 2008).…”

Pulmonary toxicity screening of triclosan in rats after intratracheal instillation

“…2B). Despite the differences in material and experiment design, Ohnuma et al (2010Ohnuma et al ( , 2011 reported that decyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) which is used as a germicide causes lung fibrosis including change of BALF cells, level of LDH and TP concentration in BALF after intratracheal instillation. However, in histopathological examination, our results were not found to be treatment-related lesions in the lungs at higher exposure dose compared with DDAC study (data not shown).…”

Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury in rats treated with a hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme inducer p,p′-DDT

“…Paraffin-embedded tissues were sectioned and stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E), and immunohistochemical labelling was performed for adipophilin (PROGEN Biotechnik GmbH, Heidelberg), NOS2 (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd, Osaka), CYP2B1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., Dallas, Texas) using the Dako EnVision kit (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark) as previously described (Ohnuma et al, 2010). For antigen retrieval, sections were pre-treated with sodium citrate buffer (0.1 M, pH 6.0) in an autoclave at 120 • C for 5 min.…”

“…Total RNA was isolated from liver samples and real timepolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed as previously described (Ohnuma et al, 2010). PCR primers for the genes encoding the following proteins were purchased from Takara Bio Inc., Japan: TNF-␣, IL-10, nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), CYP2B1, CYP3A2, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) (Supplemental Table 1).…”