Dicranomyia crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) of Korea

Abstract

A total of 38 Korean species of crane flies belonging to the genus Dicranomyia Stephens, 1829 (Diptera: Limoniidae: Limoniinae) are taxonomically revised. No species of Dicranomyia were previously reported from South Korea, and only twelve species were reported from North Korea. New records of Dicranomyia from the Korean Peninsula include: D. (Dicranomyia) depauperata Alexander, 1918, D. (D.) distendens pallida Savchenko, 1983, D. (D.) handlirschi handlirschi Lackschewitz, 1928, D. (D.) hyalinata (Zetterstedt, 1851), D. (D.) kandybinae Savchenko, 1987, D. (D.) longipennis (Schummel, 1829), D. (D.) mesosternatoides Alexander, 1924, D. (D.) modesta (Meigen, 1818), D. (D.) pammelas Alexander, 1925, D. (D.) poli (Alexander, 1941), D. (D.) sera (Walker, 1848), D. (D.) shinanoensis (Alexander, 1933), D. (D.) takeuchii Alexander, 1922, D. (D.) unispinosa Alexander, 1921, D. (Erostrata) globithorax Osten Sacken, 1869, D. (E.) globulithorax Alexander, 1924, D. (E.) yazuensis Kato et al., 2018, D. (Glochina) basifusca Alexander, 1919, D. (Melanolimonia) paramorio platysoma (Alexander, 1933), D. (Numantia) fusca (Meigen, 1804), D. (Sivalimnobia) euphileta (Alexander, 1924). Species D. (D.) byuni Podenas, sp. nov., D. (D.) cornuta Podenas, sp. nov., D. (D.) jirisana Podenas, sp. nov., D. (D.) petrasiuni Podenas, sp. nov., and D. (D.) yankovskyi Podenas, sp. nov. are described. An additional ten new records are reported from North Korea, bringing the total number of Dicranomyia species known from North Korea to 22 species. South Korea has a greater diversity of Dicranomyia with total number of 30 species. D. (D.) amurensis Alexander, 1925 is synonymised with D. (D.) hyalinata (Zetterstedt, 1851). An illustrated key with redescriptions and photographs of all species and both sexes of adults collected in Korea are presented. Most females are illustrated or described for the first time. Elevation range, period of activity, habitat information, general distribution and a distribution map in Korean Peninsula is given for each species.

First record of a skating crane fly: The unusual ecology, behavior, and morphology of Phantolabis lacustris (Alexander, 1938) (Diptera:Limoniidae) with descriptions of the immature stages

“…The function and homology of this rod are unclear, but its position on the gonocoxite could indicate that it is a reduced remnant of a 2 nd gonostyle, since most crane fly groups have 2 pairs of gonostyles. Similar reduced gonostyles occur in unrelated crane fly groups, such as the vestigial outer gonostyle in some Tipula (e.g., T. atreia Petersen and Gelhaus and T. triton Petersen et al 2004) and reduced dorsal gonostyle in some Dicranomyia (e.g., D. jirisana Podenas and related species; Podenas et al 2019). The enlargement of the hypopygium in P. lacustris may be related to its surface mating behavior as it is in other Diptera (Ferrington and Saether 1987).…”

Description of two new species of Dicranomyia (Erostrata) crane fly (Diptera, Limoniidae) from Korea, with remarks on DNA barcoding and updated taxonomic key

“… Dicranomyia ( Erostrata ) Savchenko in Savchenko and Krivolutskaya 1976 : 131–132; Kato et al 2018 : 182; Podenas et al 2019 : 72–73. …”

“…; Malaise trap; published as D. ( E. ) tabashii by Podenas et al (2019) ; KUEM • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; 2–8 Aug. 2015; published as D. ( E. ) tabashii by Podenas et al (2019) ; KUEM • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; 23–29 Jul. 2016; published as D. ( E. ) tabashii by Podenas et al (2019) ; KUEM • 1 ♂; Gangwon-do, Inje-gun, Girin-myeon, Bangdong-ri, Mt. Bangtaesan; 37°54.50'N, 128°24.41'E ; alt.…”

“…Twelve species of this subgenus have been reported from the Palearctic, Nearctic, and Oriental regions ( Oosterbroek 2023 ). Adult crane flies are typically found in moist deciduous forests, shrubs along small streams, and abandoned farmlands near streams ( Alexander 1931a , b ; Podenas et al 2019 , 2020 ). Meanwhile, larval D. ( E. ) globithorax has been reported in fungus on decaying logs ( Rogers 1930 ).…”

“… Alexander (1934) first reported D. ( E. ) tabashii (as Limonia ( Limonia ) tabashii ) from Suigen (= Suwon) in Korea, and Podenas et al (2019 , 2020 ) added three and one additional species, respectively, to the recognized fauna of Korea. In Japan, Kato et al (2018) revised six Dicranomyia species of the subgenus Erostrata including three new species and suggested that Limonia congesta Alexander, 1976 and Limonia striopleura Edwards, 1919 be classified as members of subgenus Erostrata based on non-genitalic characters.…”