Diarrhea and Novel Dietary Factors Emerge as Predictors of Serum Vitamin B₁₂ in Panamanian Children

Abstract

Background.

Contribution of food sources to the vitamin B12 status of South Indian children from a birth cohort recruited in the city of Mysore

“…B 12 deficiency for mothers and children was defined using WHO plasma concentration cut-offs for adults (<150 pmol/l) ( 19 ) . Given the lack of consensus cut-offs for use in children, we also used a definition of ‘marginal’ B 12 status (150–221 pmol/l) ( 21 , 22 , 35 ) . Anaemia was defined as Hb concentration <11·5 g/dl ( 36 ) .…”

“…Given the lack of consensus cut-offs for use in children, we also used a definition of 'marginal' B 12 status (150-221 pmol/l) (21,22,35) . Anaemia was defined as Hb concentration < 11·5 g/dl (36) .…”

“…There is also evidence of low B 12 status being related to increased cognitive decline in elderly people in the USA (20) . Several studies in low-and middle-income countries have identified significant correlations between dietary intakes of B 12 or consumption frequency of B 12 -rich foods and plasma B 12 in early childhood (13,(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26) . The association between diet and plasma B 12 concentration among older children remains under-studied.…”

Association between vitamin B12intake and EURRECA's prioritized biomarkers of vitamin B12in young populations: a systematic review

“…The results were divided between infants following a specified macrobiotic diet and those following an omnivorous one. (53) Irrelevant health outcome Ronnenberg et al (2000) (123) Irrelevant population group Ronnenberg et al (2002) (124) Irrelevant biomarkers Ronnenberg et al (2002) (125) Study design: case-control Ronnenberg et al (2007) (126) Does not address any relationships of interest Rumbold et al (2005) (127) Type of intervention: multi-vitamin supplement Sachdeva and Mann (1994) (128) Does not address any relationships of interest Scatliff et al (2011) (129) Population group: children did not meet the inclusion criteria (unhealthy) Schneede et al (1994) (130) Only data on biomarkers Shih et al (1976) (131) Study design: editor letter Siekmann et al (2003) (132) The intervention was realized with meat or milk Singla et al (1982) (133) Type of intervention: multi-vitamin supplement Sivakumar et al (2006) (134) Only data on biomarkers Smith Fawzi et al (2007) (135) Irrelevant health outcome Sneed et al (1981) (136) Study design: intervention but not RCT Sohrabvand et al (2006) (137) Irrelevant health outcome Steegers-Theunissen et al (1995) (138) Does not address any relationships of interest Steen et al (1998) (139) Irrelevant health outcome Strand et al (2007) (140) Does not address any relationships of interest Suarez et al (2003) (141) Irrelevant health outcome Thomas et al (2008) (142) Does not address any relationships of interest Thompson et al (2009) (143) Irrelevant health outcome Thoradeniya et al (2006) (144) Only data on biomarkers Thurlow et al (2005) (145) Study design: cross-sectional study investigating S-H relationship Valman (1972) (146) Study design: case report Veena et al (2010) (147) Study design: maternal S and children's H at 10 years old Verkleij-Hagoort et al (2008) (148) Study design: case-control Villamor et al (2008) (149) Study design: data from I is referred to dietary patterns, not to proper amounts of micronutrient Vinod Kumar and Rajagopalan (2008)…”

Neglected tropical diseases and vitamin B12: a review of the current evidence

“…47 A cohort study of children (1-5 y) from Panama was conducted to identify predictors of serum vitamin B 12 concentrations and vitamin B 12 intake, including A. lumbricoides infection. 48 Although an increased frequency of diarrheal episodes was associated with lower vitamin B 12 concentrations, A. lumbricoides infection intensity (eggs/g stool) was not significantly associated with serum vitamin B 12 levels. Two observational analyses reported the prevalence of impaired vitamin B 12 status and absorption among individuals with helminthic infections.…”