Diaporphasines E and F: New Polyketides from the Saprotrophic Fungus <i>Lachnum</i> sp. IW157 Growing on the Reed Grass <i>Phragmites communis</i>

Phutthacharoen, Kunthida; Khalid, Syeda J.; Schrey, Hedda; Hyde, Kevin D.; Stadler, Marc; Ebada, Sherif S.

doi:10.1021/acsomega.3c05984

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 22 publications

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“…In any case, we noted that among the previously reported sources for mycorrhizin A were two apparently unrelated fungal strains that were both still extant in public culture collections. Since we are presently working on the secondary metabolites of Lachnum , anyway (Phutthacharoen et al 2023, 2024), we have ordered and studied these strains for secondary metabolite production as well as by state of the art molecular phylogenetic methods for the first time, to clarify whether they may actually be phylogenetically related to Pezicula (and/or or each other). The current paper is dedicated to answer this question.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidation of the life cycle of a saprotrophic inoperculate discomycete that is associated with pinesap, using a polyphasic taxonomic approach^#

Demir,

Chen,

Lambert

et al. 2024

Preprint

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This study deals with the elucidation of the life cycle of an inoperculate discomycete that was eventually collected from conifer wood in South Germany and has become famous for the extraordinary diversity of its secondary metabolites when it was studied extensively during the 1990s. It had then been identified asLachnum papyraceum(Lachnaceae,Helotiales) based on morphological traits, and extracts from its mycelial cultures were found to possess extraordinary nematicidal and antibiotic activities. Over 60 different secondary metabolites were finally identified from this fungus after extensive variation of culture media and scale up of production up to 100 litre scale. Among the main active principles were mycorrhizin A and chloromycorrhizin A, which had first been reported in 1987 from an unnamed “mycorrhizal” fungus of the hemiparasitic plant,Monotropa hypopitys(pinesap) that was isolated in Sweden. We noted that both theLachnumstrain and the original mycorrhizin producer were still available in the public domain, and decided to study them for comparison, using a multilocus phylogeny and also generated secondary metabolite profiles of both strains using analytical high performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array and mass spectrometric detection (HPLC-DAD/MS). Surprisingly, the sequence data as well as the secondary metabolite profiles of both strains were highly similar, and it was also confirmed by phylogenetic methods that the strains are indeed nested within the genusLachnumby comparison of their ITS, LSU and RBP2 sequences. The specimen calledL. papyraceumin the old publications was tentatively re-identified by Hans-Otto Baral asL. cf.subvirgineum,but substantial further work on the taxonomy of the genus remains to be done, anyway. We conclude that someLachnumspecies have a highly complex but all the more interesting life cycle, and the mycorrhizal symbiont partner may invade the host plant, where it may persist as an endophyte and finally turn saprotrophic on the wood of the senescent pine tree. The taxonomy of these fungi should also be further resolved in the future, using a polythetic concept that includes chemotaxonomic data and a multi-locus genealogy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidation of the life cycle of a saprotrophic inoperculate discomycete that is associated with pinesap, using a polyphasic taxonomic approach^#

Demir,

Chen,

Lambert

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Lachnuoic Acids A−F: Ambuic Acid Congeners from a Saprotrophic Lachnum Species

Phutthacharoen,

Toshe,

Khalid

et al. 2024

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Chemical prospection of an extract derived from a saprotrophic fungus Lachnum sp. IW157 resulted in the isolation and characterization of six unprecedentedly reported ambuic acid analogues named lachnuoic acids A–F (1–6). Chemical structures of 1–6 were determined based on comprehensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses together with HR‐ESI‐MS spectrometry. The relative configurations of 1–3 were defined by ROESY spectroscopic analyses while their absolute configurations were unambiguously determined by Mosher’s esters method. All isolated compounds were subjected to cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antibiofilm and nematicidal activity assays where only lachnuoic acid A (1) revealed potent antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis at MIC values of 16.6 and 8.3 µg/mL, respectively.

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Elucidation of the life cycle of a saprotrophic inoperculate discomycete that is associated with pinesap using a polyphasic taxonomic approach

Demir,

Chen,

Lambert

et al. 2024

Mycol Progress

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study deals with the elucidation of the life cycle of an inoperculate discomycete that was eventually collected from conifer wood in South Germany and has become famous for the extraordinary diversity of its secondary metabolites when it was studied extensively during the 1990s. It had then been identified as Lachnum papyraceum (Lachnaceae, Helotiales) based on morphological traits, and extracts from its mycelial cultures were found to possess extraordinary nematicidal and antibiotic activities. Over 60 different secondary metabolites were finally identified from this fungus after extensive variation of culture media and scale-up of production up to 100-L scale. Among the main active principles were mycorrhizin A and chloromycorrhizin A, which had first been reported in 1977 from an unnamed “mycorrhizal” fungus of the hemiparasitic plant, Monotropa hypopitys (pinesap), that was isolated in Sweden. We noted that both the Lachnum strain and the original mycorrhizin producer were still available in the public domain and decided to study them for comparison using a multilocus phylogeny and also generated secondary metabolite profiles of both strains using analytical high performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array and mass spectrometric detection (HPLC–DAD/MS). Surprisingly, the sequence data as well as the secondary metabolite profiles of both strains were highly similar, and it was also confirmed by phylogenetic methods that the strains are indeed nested within the genus Lachnum by comparison of their ITS, LSU, and RPB2 sequences. The specimen called L. papyraceum in the old publications was tentatively re-identified by Hans-Otto Baral as L. cf. subvirgineum, but substantial further work on the taxonomy of the genus remains to be done, anyway. We conclude that some Lachnum species have a highly complex but all the more interesting life cycle, and the mycorrhizal symbiont partner may invade the host plant, where it may persist as an endophyte and finally turn saprotrophic on the wood of the senescent pine tree. The taxonomy of these fungi should also be further resolved in the future, using a polythetic concept that includes chemotaxonomic data and a multi-locus genealogy.

show abstract

Diaporphasines E and F: New Polyketides from the Saprotrophic Fungus Lachnum sp. IW157 Growing on the Reed Grass Phragmites communis

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Elucidation of the life cycle of a saprotrophic inoperculate discomycete that is associated with pinesap, using a polyphasic taxonomic approach^#

Elucidation of the life cycle of a saprotrophic inoperculate discomycete that is associated with pinesap, using a polyphasic taxonomic approach^#

Lachnuoic Acids A−F: Ambuic Acid Congeners from a Saprotrophic Lachnum Species

Elucidation of the life cycle of a saprotrophic inoperculate discomycete that is associated with pinesap using a polyphasic taxonomic approach

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Diaporphasines E and F: New Polyketides from the Saprotrophic Fungus Lachnum sp. IW157 Growing on the Reed Grass Phragmites communis

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Elucidation of the life cycle of a saprotrophic inoperculate discomycete that is associated with pinesap, using a polyphasic taxonomic approach#

Elucidation of the life cycle of a saprotrophic inoperculate discomycete that is associated with pinesap, using a polyphasic taxonomic approach#

Lachnuoic Acids A−F: Ambuic Acid Congeners from a Saprotrophic Lachnum Species

Elucidation of the life cycle of a saprotrophic inoperculate discomycete that is associated with pinesap using a polyphasic taxonomic approach

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Product

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Elucidation of the life cycle of a saprotrophic inoperculate discomycete that is associated with pinesap, using a polyphasic taxonomic approach^#

Elucidation of the life cycle of a saprotrophic inoperculate discomycete that is associated with pinesap, using a polyphasic taxonomic approach^#