Dianthus caryophyllus stems and Zantedeschia aethiopica petioles/pedicels show anatomical features indicating efficient photosynthesis

Yiotis, Charilaos; Psaras, George K.

doi:10.1016/j.flora.2010.07.004

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Transpiration rates can be influenced by internal factors, such as ripening stage, besides external and environmental factors, such as temperature, relative humidity, air movement and atmospheric pressure (VILAS BOAS, 2000). According to Yiotis and Psaras (2011), numerous stomata on the epidermis of peduncle and petiole tissues of Zantedeschia aethiopica were observed. Environmental factors were controlled and kept constant during the experiment, without abrupt changes in temperature, relative humidity, or the presence of forced air circulation, thus minimizing their impact on transpiration rates.…”

Section: Harvest Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relações hídricas em hastes florais de copo-de-leite colhidas em diferentes estádios de abertura

Sales

Paiva

Manfredini

et al. 2015

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Cut flowers are a well established product and require conservation techniques that help keep postharvest quality for marketing. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate different opening stages of calla lily (Zantedeschia aethiopica) cut stems and their influence on posthaverst. Calla lily stems were harvested in the morning, according to the following opening stages: closed spathe, semi-closed spathe (1/3 open), semi-open spathe (2/3 open) and fully open spathe. Once selected and standardized, stems were placed in a controlled room at 21 ± 2 °C and relative humidity of 75 ± 5%, for eight days. The evaluations were conducted daily, observing water pH, commercial quality analysis, width and length of the spathe, fresh weight of stem, water absorption and transpiration. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four treatments (opening stages), five replicates and two stems by plot. The model used was split plot in time, with harvest stages as plots, and evaluation days as subplots. Calla lily harvested at closed spathe and semi-closed spathe (1/3 open), showed spathe opening, although it did not achieve fully spathe expansion, had higher water uptake and hydration of flower stems, and increased water retention capacity by floral tissues until saturation, followed by a period of weight reduction caused by transpiration rates greater than absorption.

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Section: Harvest Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relações hídricas em hastes florais de copo-de-leite colhidas em diferentes estádios de abertura

Sales

Paiva

Manfredini

et al. 2015

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“…In SNP, the stems remain green and periderm development is delayed or does not occur. In these stems, the development of palisade cells in the outer cortex has been recorded (e.g., [ 4 , 10 , 52 , 53 , 54 ]). In none of the eucalypt species examined, at none of the stem diameters sectioned, were palisade-like cells observed and none appear to have been recorded in the SRP literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In SNP species (long-lived green stems), high stem stomatal densities (50–190 stomata/mm 2 ) have been recorded [ 4 , 10 , 59 ]. Young tree stems generally have either no (e.g., [ 6 ]) or low stomatal densities (e.g., [ 58 ]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several ways of classifying photosynthesis in stems have been proposed. There are structural or anatomical classifications (e.g., [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]) (see also tables in [ 2 , 8 ]), such as: CAM plants (stem succulents, often with cladodes). Stem photosynthesis—green stems with epidermis (no or delayed periderm development) and a high stomatal density [ 9 ], with some species having a well-developed palisade layer (e.g., [ 10 ]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chloroplast Distribution in the Stems of 23 Eucalypt Species

Burrows

Connor

2020

Plants

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Small diameter branchlets and smooth barked stems and branches of most woody plants have chloroplasts. While the stems of several eucalypt species have been shown to photosynthesise, the distribution of chloroplasts has not been investigated in detail. The distribution of chloroplasts in branchlets (23 species) and larger diameter stems and branches with smooth bark (14 species) was investigated in a wide range of eucalypts (species of Angophora, Corymbia and Eucalyptus) using fresh hand sections and a combination of bright field and fluorescence microscopy. All species had abundant stem chloroplasts. In both small and large diameter stems, the greatest concentration of chloroplasts was in a narrow band (usually 100–300 μm thick) immediately beneath the epidermis or phellem. Deeper chloroplasts were present but at a lower density due to abundant fibres and sclereids. In general, chloroplasts were found at greater depths in small diameter stems, often being present in the secondary xylem rays and the pith. The cells of the chlorenchyma band were small, rounded and densely packed, and unlike leaf mesophyll. A high density of chloroplasts was found just beneath the phellem of large diameter stems. These trees gave no external indication that green tissues were present just below the phellem. In these species, a thick phellem was not present to protect the inner living bark. Along with the chlorenchyma, the outer bark also had a high density of fibres and sclereids. These sclerenchyma cells probably disrupted a greater abundance and a more organised arrangement of the cells containing chloroplasts. This shows a possible trade-off between photosynthesis and the typical bark functions of protection and mechanical strength.

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“…Using this approach, the volume density of individual tissues in a leaf was measured by Edwards et al (1999), Klich (2000), Luković et al (2001), Bray and Reid (2002), Luković (2006), Marin et al (2006), Zorić et al (2011;, Moura and Alves (2014), Bernardo et al (2017), and Bertel et al (2017). The proportion of intercellular spaces in mesophyll was also investigated by Albrechtová and Kubínová (1991), Kukkola et al (2005), Albrechtová et al (2007), Lhotáková et al (2008), Psaras (2011), andZorić et al (2011;. The proportion of intercellular spaces in the palisade parenchyma was measured by Konoplyova et al (2008) from micrographs of paradermal sections of the leaves.…”

Section: Plant Tissue Volume Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereology, an Unbiased Methodological Approach to Study Plant Anatomy and Cytology: Past, Present and Future

Kubínová¹,

Radochová²,

Lhotáková³

et al. 2017

Image Anal Stereol

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This review presents an historical overview of stereological methods used for the quantitative evaluation of plant anatomical and cytological structures. It includes the origins of these methods up to the most recent developments such as the application of stereology based on 3D images. We focus especially on leaf, as the vast majority of studies of plant microscopic structure examine this organ. An overview of plant cell ultrastructure measurements as well as plant anatomical characteristics (e.g., plant tissue volume density, internal leaf surface area, number and mean size of mesophyll cells and chloroplast number), which were estimated by stereological methods most frequently, is presented. We emphasize the importance of proper sampling needed for unbiased measurements. Furthermore, we mention other methods used for plant morphometric studies and briefly discuss their relevance, precision, unbiasedness and efficiency in comparison with unbiased stereology. Finally, we discuss reasons for the sparse use of stereology in plant anatomy and consider the future of stereology in plant research.

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Dianthus caryophyllus stems and Zantedeschia aethiopica petioles/pedicels show anatomical features indicating efficient photosynthesis

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Relações hídricas em hastes florais de copo-de-leite colhidas em diferentes estádios de abertura

Relações hídricas em hastes florais de copo-de-leite colhidas em diferentes estádios de abertura

Chloroplast Distribution in the Stems of 23 Eucalypt Species

Stereology, an Unbiased Methodological Approach to Study Plant Anatomy and Cytology: Past, Present and Future

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