Diamond-like carbon coating of alternative metal alloys for medical and surgical applications

Jones, Benjamin; Mahendran, Arunjunai Raj; Anson, A. W.; Reynolds, Alan; Bulpett, R.; Franks, J.

doi:10.1016/j.diamond.2010.02.012

Cited by 38 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Many groups producing amorphous carbon or amorphous hydrogenated carbon films use thin interlayers with incorporation of elements such as titanium [13], tungsten [14][15][16] or silicon [6,7,10,[17][18][19]. These layered structures have improved adhesion on substrates including stainless and high-speed steels [6,7,19] silicon [7,17] and Ti-Al-V alloys [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of medical applications, the integrity of the DLC layer can be critical. A breach in a diffusion barrier coating could cause leaching of toxic metal into the body [8][9][10], or a breakdown in the coating on a vascular stent could lead to increased thrombogenicity due to the exposure of the underlying metal, leading to restinosis, a closing of the blood vessel [7]. Delamination debris can also be a concern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tuning the balance of the constituents, phases and ordering allows the creation of an amorphous carbon material with properties that can range from polymer-like to diamond-like. This range of materials can therefore be tailored to match functional requirements, resulting in applications in many areas including aerospace [5] manufacturing [6] and medical devices [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Argon plasma treatment techniques on steel and effects on diamond-like carbon structure and delamination

Jones

Anguilano

Ojeda

2011

Diamond and Related Materials

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We demonstrate alteration in diamond-like carbon (DLC) film structure, chemistry and adhesion on steel, related to variation in the argon plasma pretreatment stage of plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition. We relate these changes to the alteration in substrate structure, crystallinity and chemistry due to application of an argon plasma process with negative self bias up to 600 V.Adhesion of the DLC film to the substrate was assessed by examination of the spallated fraction of the film following controlled deformation. Films with no pretreatment step immediately delaminated. At 300 V pretreatment, the spallated fraction is 8.2%, reducing to 1.2% at 450 V and 0.02% at 600V. For bias voltages below 450V the adhesion enhancement is explained by a reduction in carbon contamination on the substrate surface, from 59at.% with no treatment to 26at.% at 450V, concurrently with a decrease in the surface roughness, R q , from 31.5nm to 18.9nm. With a pretreatment bias voltage of 600V a nanocrystalline, nanostructured surface is formed, related to removal of chromium and relaxation of stress; X-ray diffraction indicates this phase is incipient at 450V. In addition to improving film adhesion, the nanotexturing of the substrate prior to film deposition results in a DLC film that shows an increase in sp 3 /sp 2 ratio from 1.2 to 1.5, a reduction in surface roughness from 31nm to 21nm, and DLC nodular asperities with reduced diameter and increased uniformity of size and arrangement. These findings are consistent with the substrate alterations due to the plasma pretreatment resulting in limitation of surface diffusion in the growth process. This suggests that in addition to deposition phase processes, the parameters of the pretreatment process need to be considered when designing diamond-like carbon coatings.Prime Novelty: We elucidate the mechanisms behind the enhancement of diamond-like carbon film adhesion with increase in pretreatment bias voltage, and demonstrate the effect on the final film structure of alterations in the pretreatment process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Argon plasma treatment techniques on steel and effects on diamond-like carbon structure and delamination

Jones

Anguilano

Ojeda

2011

Diamond and Related Materials

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“…Se requiere resistencia a la fatiga, propiedades de barrera para prevenir la corrosión, resistencia al daño en el ambiente clínico para evitar el desgaste o la rotura durante los procedimientos normales de limpieza y operación. Además, baja fricción superficial para disminuir la adhesión de biopelículas y aumentar la efectividad del régimen de limpieza post-operativo [2][3][4]. Para mejorar las propiedades superficiales de los materiales, se pueden realizar diferentes tratamientos de modificación superficial como la nitruración.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Si bien hay registros en la literatura de estudios realizados sobre el uso de recubrimientos tipo DLC (debido a sus propiedades anti-adhesivas y bajo coeficiente de fricción) sobre aceros inoxidables para instrumentos quirúrgicos [2][3][4], no hay experiencias usando la nitruración como pre tratamiento, y cada sustrato y recubrimiento requiere un estudio específico.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Protección de acero para instrumentos quirúrgicos con recubrimientos duros en base carbono tipo DLC

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RESUMENLos aceros inoxidables martensíticos como el AISI 420 tienen múltiples aplicaciones, entre ellas instrumentos quirúrgicos, donde se requiere buena resistencia al desgaste y a la corrosión. Los tratamientos de modificación superficial, como la nitruración iónica, permiten mejorar las propiedades mecánicas de estos aceros pero afectan su resistencia a la corrosión. Por esta razón, un tratamiento posterior de deposición de recubrimiento tipo DLC ("Diamond Like Carbon", carbono símil diamante) puede ser conveniente. En este trabajo se estudió el comportamiento al desgaste y a la corrosión de muestras dúplex (nitruradas y recubiertas por PACVD) y se compararon con muestras nitruradas, sólo recubiertas, nitruradas y sólo templadas y revenidas. Se analizaron los recubrimientos con espectroscopia Raman y EDS. Se realizaron ensayos de desgaste tipo "pin on disk" y se evaluó la adhesión mediante ensayos de Scratch Test e indentación Rockwell C. Se midió nanodureza con indentador Berkovich. Se llevaron a cabo los ensayos propuestos para instrumentos quirúrgi-cos en la Norma F 1089-02 (prueba de agua hirviendo y de hisopado con sulfato de cobre) y ensayos de niebla salina.Estos recubrimientos tienen una relación I D /I G de 0,8 y bajo contenido de hidrógeno aproximadamente del 20 %. El espesor de los recubrimientos fue de 2 µm y la dureza alcanzó 24 GPa. La capa nitrurada tuvo un espesor de 10 µm. Las muestras dúplex y recubierta presentaron bajo coeficiente de fricción y el volumen desgastado fue indetectable. Además, tuvieron buen comportamiento a la corrosión en el ensayo de niebla salina y en los ensayos propuestos en la Norma ASTM F 1089-02. No obstante, la muestra sólo nitrurada presentó una región corroída en el ensayo de sulfato de cobre y en el de agua hirviendo. La muestra dúplex presentó mejor adhesión que la muestra sólo recubierta en los ensayos de Scratch Test y de indentación Rockwell C. Palabrasclave: DLC coatings, AISI 420, desgaste, corrosión, instrumentos quirúrgicos ABSTRACT Martensitic stainless steels can be used in different applications such as surgical instruments where a good wear and corrosion resistance are required. Surface modification treatments such as nitriding improve the mechanical properties of these steels, however; they affect the corrosion resistance. For this reason, the DLC (Diamond Like Carbon) coatings deposition can be convenient.The wear and corrosion behaviour was studied in duplex samples (nitrided and PACVD coated) and they were compared with nitrided and only coated samples and with those without treatment, only heat treated (quench and tempering). The coatings were analyzed by Raman spectroscopy and EDS. Pin on disk tests were performed and the adhesion was evaluated using Scratch Test and Rockwell C Indentation. The nanohardness was measured with a Berkovich indenter. The corrosion tests for surgical instruments (according to the Standard ASTM F 1089 -02) and Spray Salt Fog tests were carried out.In the DLC coatings, the I D /I G ratio was 0.8 and the hydrogen conten...

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Substrate and material transfer effects on the surface chemistry and texture of diamond‐like carbon deposited by plasma‐enhanced chemical vapour deposition

Jones

Ojeda

2012

Surface & Interface Analysis

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transfer effects on the surface chemistry and texture of diamond-like carbon deposited by plasma enhanced CVD Surface and Interface Analysis 44 (2012) AbstractDiamond-like carbon (DLC), a thin amorphous carbon film, has many uses in tribological systems. Exploiting alternative substrates and interlayers can enable control of the hardness and modulus of the multi-layer system and improve wear or friction properties. We utilise XPS and AFM to examine DLC concurrently coated on an epoxy interlayer and a steel substrate by plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD). sp 2 /sp 3 ratios were calculated both by deconvolution of the XPS C1s line and analysis of the C KLL Auger spectrum. Altering the substrate causes changes in the carbon bonding configuration, evident with the same trend through both analysis methods, though with differing absolute values, related to hydrogen and oxygen content. There is significant variation in the microscale surface texture, exhibited both by average roughness values and size and uniformity of surface asperities. This suggests that alteration to the film surface structure is a factor to be considered in addition to interface adhesion, hardness and elastic modulus, in investigating substrates and interlayers for tribological coatings. Examination of a DLC film separately produced on a steel substrate, in comparison with that produced concurrently with DLC coating of epoxy, shows the possibility of effects on the chemistry of the film through transfer of material from adjacent samples within the plasma deposition, related to heating, out-gassing or sputtering processes. The possibility of such contamination has implications in coating parameter design and coating of multiple samples with PECVD.

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Diamond-like carbon coating of alternative metal alloys for medical and surgical applications

Cited by 38 publications

References 20 publications

Argon plasma treatment techniques on steel and effects on diamond-like carbon structure and delamination

Argon plasma treatment techniques on steel and effects on diamond-like carbon structure and delamination

Protección de acero para instrumentos quirúrgicos con recubrimientos duros en base carbono tipo DLC

Substrate and material transfer effects on the surface chemistry and texture of diamond‐like carbon deposited by plasma‐enhanced chemical vapour deposition

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