Diallel Analysis of Early Leaf Spot (Cercospora arachidicola Hori) Disease Resistance in Groundnut

Abstract

Early leaf spot (ELS) is one of the major biotic constraints of groundnut production in West and Central Africa. A study using 6 × 6 F2 full diallel populations from six parents (NAMA, B188, PC79-79, QH243C, TS32-1, and CN94C) was conducted to assess the mode of inheritance of ELS resistance traits. The F2 and parents were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data was collected on ELS disease severity, and an area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) was estimated. The results revealed that additive and non-additive gene actions were involved in the inheritance of the ELS resistance traits, but additive gene action was predominant. Significant reciprocal cross effect was observed, suggesting cytoplasmic effect on ELS resistance. Graphical analysis also revealed the predominance of additive gene action for ELS resistance. The results suggest that early generation selection should be effective for ELS resistance. Looking at the distribution of array points along with the regression line, parental lines NAMA, PC79-79, and B188 would be suitable as good donors in an ELS disease resistance breeding program.

Past, Present and Future Perspectives on Groundnut Breeding in Burkina Faso

“…To sustain productivity, groundnut resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses must be improved. To this end, ICRISAT has identified and developed sources of key traits, including resistance to early leaf spot (caused by Cercospora arachidicola), late leaf spot (caused by Phaeoisariopsis personata), rust (caused by Puccinia arachidis), and aflatoxins [9,24,25,27,46,52]. Additionally, significant progress has been achieved at ICRISAT in developing drought tolerant [104,105] and early maturing cultivars [46].…”

“…Most research results are confined to annual reports of individual projects, with little published in international journals [22]. To our knowledge, publications in recent years have focused mainly on yield evaluation [23] and disease of local and exotic varieties for early leaf spot [24,25]. Earlier research activities involved evaluation of resistance to foliar diseases in lines introduced from ICRISAT (International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics) or the USA through the Peanut CRSP (Peanut Collaborative Research Support Program) [26][27][28] and similar development programmes.…”

Past, Present and Future Perspectives on Groundnut Breeding in Burkina Faso

“…Most research results are confined to annual reports of individual projects with little published in international journals [25]. To our knowledge, publications in recent years have focused mainly on yield evaluation [26] and disease of local and exotic varieties for early leaf spot [27,28]. Earlier research activities involved the evaluation of resistance to foliar diseases in lines introduced from ICRISAT (International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics) or the USA through the Peanut CRSP (Peanut Collaborative Research Support Program) [29][30][31] and similar development programmes.…”

Development of a Low Cost Two-Row Groundnut Planter

“…The groundnut seed composed of approximately equal weight of fatty and non-fatty oil. The general productivity of groundnut in Africa is comparatively low, compare to that of America due to a number of constraints such as biological, undulating climate, socio-economic factors, pests and diseases (Zongo et al, 2019). The average output of groundnut in Africa (902.6 kg ha -1 ) is very low comparative to the American output of 33381.4 kg ha -1 (FAOSTAT, 2018).…”