Past, Present and Future Perspectives on Groundnut Breeding in Burkina Faso

Konaté, Moumouni; Sanou, Josias; Miningou, Amos; Okello, David Kalule; Desmae, H; Janila, Pasupuleti; Mumm, Rita H.

doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0316.v1

Cited by 4 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Formerly considered as a cash crop because of oil extraction, varieties with small seed were promoted because of their high oil content and are then the most available groundnut varieties disseminated in Burkina. The low productivity of groundnut observed in the study area is attributed to diverse production constraints (9,43). Although similar these constraints are ranked differently from one region to another.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The present study revealed a subsistence groundnut farming system dominated by smallholder farmers in Burkina Faso. The cropping is characterized by extensive and low external input with big diversity across regions (9), largely depending on the rainfall which follow a north-south gradient, soil types and socio-economic conditions (2,27). The maturity cycle of groundnut varieties and cultural practices varied from one region to another region depending on rainfall distribution and soil typology (28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Participatory analysis of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L) cropping system and production constraints in Burkina Faso

Boubacar

Desmae²,

Miningou³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L) is one of the major legume crop grown as food and cash crops across the agro ecological zone in Burkina Faso. It is ranked 2nd legume crop in the country, in term of importance, for household food, nutrition and income generation for both rural and urban zone, contributing significantly to food supply and the country economy. However, groundnut was downgrade long ago, forsaken and the groundnut sector is still struggling, with a low productivity, disorganized groundnut sector and a weak breeding program, due to several constraints. Assessing and describing the present groundnut cropping system and production constraint will eventually serve as a basis to guide efficiently the groundnut breeding activities. Methods: A Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) study was conducted in three groundnuts production areas (Central-Eastern, Central-Northern and Central- Western). A total of 124 farmers were involved in the study to collect data on socio-demographics, farming system, cropping practices and identified production constraints. Analysis was carried out for qualitative and quantitates variables using STATA 14. Mean variance were determined across regions and gender, and pairwise ranking were used to assess the level of agreement for variables ranking among the three regions using Kendall's W. Pearson's correlation was carried out to assess the relationship between variables. Results: The study revealed a cropping system of groundnut in an environment largely affected by climate change, and in a subsistence and extensive agriculture. There is a variance in groundnut cropping system across the regions with similarities in the cropping practices. Gender plays a key role in the production of the groundnut and 48.39% of women are engaged in groundnut cropping with less access to land and production resources. A yield gap between men and women has been observed denoting a huge inefficiency between men and women. Production constraints, although similar, are perceived and appreciated differently across the region. The lack of improved varieties, Absence of agricultural credit, lack of materials, high price of seeds, high price of fertilizer, drought and disease are some of the important constraints compromising the crop. Conclusion: This study provides a recent view of groundnut cropping, allowing good understanding of farmer’s situation. The result, will contribute to an efficient refining of breeding priorities and guide further activities in groundnut breeding in Burkina Faso.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participatory analysis of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L) cropping system and production constraints in Burkina Faso

Boubacar

Desmae²,

Miningou³

et al. 2020

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…Groundnut cropping is characterized by extensive and low external input with significant variability in production practices across regions, largely depending on the rainfall which follows a north-south gradient, soil types, and socio-economic conditions. Farming systems in west Africa and especially in Burkina Faso were characterized by huge variability from one region to another with poor technology and low investments [2,24,25] including the groundnut production system [2,9]. Nikiema [26] reported a varying onset of rainfall for the different agro-climatic zones in Burkina Faso.…”

Section: The Groundnut Cropping Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The national groundnut breeding program at the Institut National de l'Environnement et de Recherche Agricole (INERA) remained less organized to develop improved varieties that mitigate the constraints, and hence, it had little success in improving and disseminating new high-yielding varieties. The breeding activities were limited to varietal tests of elite materials from the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) [9]. The availability of improved variety seeds and policy support remained among the challenges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The availability of improved variety seeds and policy support remained among the challenges. There is no recent scientific study targeting the production system and constraints in the country [9]. Gender effects on production systems and also opinions of men and women on production constraints and traits preferences are reported as important factors in agriculture in many countries [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Participatory analysis of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cropping system and production constraints in Burkina Faso

Boubacar

Miningou

Nebié

et al. 2021

J Ethnobiology Ethnomedicine

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Background Groundnut is one of the major legume crops grown as food and cash crop across the different agroecological zones of Burkina Faso. It is ranked the 2nd important legume crop for household food, nutrition, and income generation for both rural and urban zones, contributing significantly to food supply and economy of the country. Despite its importance and breeding efforts to develop improved varieties, groundnut productivity remains low. Assessing and describing the present groundnut cropping system and production constraints as well as gender dynamics in the main production areas will help in defining the groundnut breeding priorities. Methods A participatory rural appraisal study was conducted in three groundnut production regions (central-eastern, central-northern, and central-western). In each region, 4 villages were selected with a total of 124 farmers interviewed to collect data on socio-demographics, farming systems, cropping practices, and production constraints. Data analysis was carried out for qualitative and quantitative variables using STATA 14. Analysis of variance was conducted across regions and gender, and also between and within regions. Kendall’s coefficients were determined for qualitative variables across regions for the constraints using the pairwise rank. Pearson’s correlation was carried out to assess the relationship between variables, and the chi-square test was used to assess the difference in farmer preferences. Results The study revealed a cropping system of groundnut in an environment largely affected by climate change and in a subsistence and extensive agriculture. There is a variation in the groundnut cropping system across the regions. Gender plays a key role in the production of the groundnut, and 48.39% of women are engaged in groundnut cropping with less access to land and production resources. A yield gap between men and women was observed with men achieving more yield than women. There was a strong correlation between the use of improved varieties and technical assistance. A strong correlation was observed between farm size and production, and farm size and sex denoting an extensive production. Production constraints, although similar, were perceived and ranked differently between regions. The lack of improved varieties, absence of agricultural credit, lack of production tools, the high price of seeds, the high price of fertilizer, drought, and disease are some of the important constraints affecting groundnut productivity. Conclusion This study provides a recent view of groundnut cropping, allowing a good understanding of the farmers’ situation. The result will contribute to the refining of breeding priorities and guide further activities in groundnut breeding in Burkina Faso.

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Groundnuts Leaf Disease Recognition using Neural Network with Progressive Resizing

Rakholia¹,

Tailor²,

Saini³

et al. 2022

IJACSA

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Groundnut is an important oilseed crop in the world, and India is the second-largest producer of groundnuts. This crop is prone to attack by numerous diseases which is one of the most important factors contributing to the loss of productivity and degradation in the quality; both of these finally result in a low agricultural economy. Therefore, it is necessary to find better and more reliable automation solutions to recognize groundnut leaf diseases. In this paper, a deep learning based model with progressive resizing is proposed for groundnut leaf disease recognition and classification tasks. Five major categories of groundnut leaf diseases namely leaf spot, armyworms effect, wilts, yellow leaf, and healthy leaf are considered. The proposed model was trained with and without progressive resizing while it was validated using cross-entropy loss. The first of its kind dataset used for training and validation purposes was manually created from the Saurashtra region of Gujarat state of India. The created dataset was imbalanced in terms of a different number of samples for each category. To handle the imbalanced dataset problem, the extended focal loss function was used. To evaluate the performance of the proposed model, different performance measures including precision, sensitivity, F1-score, and accuracy were applied. The proposed model achieved state-of-the-art accuracy of 96.12%. The model with progressive resizing performed better than the traditional core neural network-based model built on cross-entropy loss.

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Past, Present and Future Perspectives on Groundnut Breeding in Burkina Faso

Cited by 4 publications

References 102 publications

Participatory analysis of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L) cropping system and production constraints in Burkina Faso

Participatory analysis of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L) cropping system and production constraints in Burkina Faso

Participatory analysis of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cropping system and production constraints in Burkina Faso

Groundnuts Leaf Disease Recognition using Neural Network with Progressive Resizing

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