Diagnóstico Serológico de Neospora caninum en vacas del municipio de Tuta, Boyacá

Abstract

N. caninum es un parásito protozoario del filo Apicomplexa , y ha sido reconocido como una causa importante de aborto y falla reproductiva en el ganado de todo el mundo. Aunque en Colombia existen algunos estudios sobre la seroprevalencia de esta enfermedad, la información sigue siendo limitada. Objetivo. Establecer la seroprevalencia de N. caninum en vacas lecheras del municipio de Tuta (Boyacá, Colombia). Materiales y Métodos. Se muestrearon 375 animales. Las muestras se procesaron bajo la técnica de ELISA indirecta, se realizó un análisis estadístico con la prueba de Chi-cuadrada de asociación-independencia para determinar si existía relación entre la presencia de anticuerpos contra N. caninum y las diferentes variables reproductivas. Resultados. Se observó que el 52% de los individuos fueron positivos a anticuerpos contra N. caninum, la única variable reproductiva que presentó relación estadística con la presencia del protozoo fue repetición de celo, no existió relación entre edad y raza de los bovinos y la presentación de N. caninum. Conclusión. La seroprevalencia es elevada si se tienen en cuenta los datos de seroprevalencia reportados con anterioridad en otras regiones del país, no obstante, estos resultados no demostraron la presencia de enfermedad en los animales analizados, pero si la evidencia antigénica, lo que sugiere que en algún momento de la vida se infectaron con el agente y promovieron la formación de anticuerpos específicos.

Serodiagnosis and Risk Factors Associated with Infectious Agents of Reproductive Diseases in Bovines of Chiquinquirá, District of Boyacá (Colombia)

“…No significant statistical association was obtained between PI3, leptospirosis, and neosporosis with the breed and age group of the cattle evaluated. This agrees with the findings of Fernandez et al [ 29 ], Betancur et al [ 32 ], Cruz-Estupiñan et al [ 26 ], and Ansari-lari [ 7 ] but differs with Bedoya et al [ 25 ], who found an association with age and established it as a risk factor for infection with Neospora . Doria-Ramos et al [ 30 ] reported a relationship between the breed and age with the presentation of PI3; however, in Chiquinquirá, no association was found between seropositivity for antibodies against PI3 and the described variables.…”

“…Seroprevalences ranging from 35.65% to 73.13% are reported in Colombia [ 14 – 18 ]. On the other hand, diagnosis by serology for Neospora indicated that 51.1% of the cattle evaluated were seropositive, and these results are similar to national-level seroprevalences ranging from 2.8% to 57.5% [ 15 , 19 – 26 ]. Likewise, it has been reported that 40.9% of cattle had antibodies against PI3, a value that is in agreement with other studies performed in Colombia, which are between 11.20% and 88% [ 15 , 27 – 30 ].…”

“…Holstein and Jersey cattle are the breeds that had the highest amount of antibodies against PI3 and neosporosis, which does not agree with Fernandez et al [ 29 ], who indicated that the most prevalent breed for PI3 was Jersey and with the higher seropositivity of the Holstein breed found by Cruz-Estupiñan et al [ 26 ] ; however, this can occur due to the different management practices implemented on the farms and because these are dairy herds. No significant statistical association was obtained between PI3, leptospirosis, and neosporosis with the breed and age group of the cattle evaluated.…”

“…Seroprevalences [14][15][16][17][18]. On the other hand, diagnosis by serology for Neospora indicated that 51.1% of the cattle evaluated were seropositive, and these results are similar to national-level seroprevalences ranging from 2.8% to 57.5% [15,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26].…”