“…The complete life cycle of most species in the Cyclocoelidae family has not been fully elucidated. When known, they include either freshwater or terrestrial snails as their first intermediate host of larvae stages and birds as definitive vertebrate hosts of adults ( Taft, 1971 , 1973 , 1975 , 1986 ; Conti et al, 1985 ; McLaughlin, 1983 , 1986 ; Dronen, 2007a , 2007b ; Dronen et al, 2006b , 2006c , 2009 ; Lunaschi et al, 2007 ; Blend and Dronen, 2008 ; Dronen and Tkach, 2013 ; Shutler et al, 2016 ; Gomez-Puerta et al, 2018 ; López-Jiménez et al, 2018 ). Snail Kites most likely become infected with cyclocoelids by eating aquatic snails harbouring larval stages ( Cole et al, 1995 ).…”