In recent years, genome banks have grown as a way of maintaining the genetic variability of populations. However, the quality of gamete cryopreservation will determine their efficiency. This study aimed to evaluate prefreeze and postthaw sperm motility, vigor, membrane integrity, and morphology of semen of red brocket deer (Mazama americana) using three extenders: E1, Tris-Yolk; E2, Tes-Tris-Yolk; and E3, Tes-Tris-Yolk-Equex. Six bucks were used, and three collections per buck were performed at 90-day intervals. Before freezing, semen volume, ejaculate concentration, motility, vigor, membrane integrity, and sperm morphology were evaluated. To compare the effect exerted by the extenders after sample thawing, further analyses of sperm motility, vigor, membrane integrity, and morphology were performed. Mean ejaculate volume and sperm concentration were 365.33 +/- 120.5 microL and 2,675.73 +/- 810.4 sperm/mL, respectively. Prefreeze motility for the extenders showed no significant differences (approximately 60%). Postthaw motility (E1 = 16.33 +/- 5.5, E2 = 5.44 +/- 5.2, E3 = 24.66 +/- 10.0) was significantly different between E2 and E3, whereas postthaw vigor (E1 =2.66 +/- 0.8, E2= 1.89 +/- 1.2, E3 = 3.83 +/- 0.4) was greater for E3 (P < or = 0.05). Analysis of postthaw membrane integrity revealed no significant differences between the extenders regarding counts of cells presenting intact membranes; however, E3 promoted the lowest number of cells with damaged membranes and higher cell counts for partially damaged membranes (P < or = 0.05). Analysis of sperm morphology revealed an increase in severe abnormalities when using E2 and E3 (P < 0.05). However, observation verified that counts of altered cells were lower using E3 than E2, suggesting a protective effect of Equex. These findings indicate that E3 promoted better semen quality postthaw. However, the performance of this extender in protecting sperm cells of M. americana during freezing was lower than that verified for other species. Thus, further studies are needed for characterization of red brocket deer semen and the optimization of extender for sperm cryopreservation.
Saimiri sciureus is a neotropical primate widely used in research. However, there are still difficulties regarding their reproduction in vivaria due to the high incidence of dystocia. Dystocia in primates can be caused by cephalopelvic disproportion and in Squirrel Monkeys, pregnancy of large fetuses were reported. This paper describes pelvimetry data of adult females and subadults in specimens of Squirrel Monkeys, from a research colony of Para, Brazil. Pelvic radiographs were obtained in ventrodorsal projections and the following measurements were taken: superior bi-iliac diameter (SBID); inferior bi-iliac diameter (IBID); bi-iliac average diameter (BIAD); right diagonal diameter (RDD); left diagonal diameter (LDD); sacro-pubic diameter (SPD); Based on the obtained diameters, the entrance area of the pelvis (EAP) was also calculated. The average values of the pelvic diameters and EAP in adult females were SBID 1.714cm, BIAD 1.957cm, IBID 1.686cm, RDD 2.771cm, LDD 2.764cm, SPD 2.543cm and EAP 3.9056cm2; and subadult females: 1.588cm SBID, 1.850cm BIAD, 1.625cm IBID, 2.50cm RDD, LDD 2.474cm, 1.95cm SPD and 2.8293 cm2 EAP. Saimiri sciureus pelvis is characterized as dolichopelvic. There was statistical significance between the values for adult females and subadults to SBID, BIAD, RDD, LDD, SPD and EAP. The values of SBID and IBID were lower when compared to the published data for the same species. The result found on this paper will serve as a basis for future studies using pelvic measurements and dystocia prediction of neotropical primates and comparison between different vivaria.
In recent years, habitat degradation led to the decline of some populations of brown-throated sloth. The aim of this study was to describe morphological features of the female reproductive system of the species. The oval ovaries were partially surrounded by ovarian bursa. An external cortex and an inner medulla were present. Corpora lutea and corpora albicans together with follicles at various stages of development each with a single oocyte were found in the cortex. Uterine tubes were tortuous, tubular, travelled around the perimeter of the ovary and possessed a folded mucosa with ciliated pseudostratified epithelium. Uterus was simplex, with no horns and divided into three parts: a pear-shaped cranial segment and a long caudal uterine segment (both forming the body of the uterus) and two cervices. Uterus presented three layers: mucosa, lined by pseudostratified epithelium, muscular and serosa. The cervices connected the uterus to the urogenital sinus, a distensible cavity with longitudinal mucosal folds lined by transitional epithelium that extended from the external urethral orifice and the external uterine ostia to the vulva, which was lined by a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. Brown-throated sloth presented a bipartite clitoris with paired crura, bodies and glandes. The presence of a double cervix and a bipartite clitoris was unique features of the species.
RESUMO Paratanaisia bragai é um trematódeo que parasita rins e ureteres de aves domésticas e selvagens. Apesar de considerado pouco patogênico pode levar a complicações clínicas e morte em infecções severas. No presente estudo, um caso de parasitismo fatal em maritaca (Psittacara leucophthalmus) por P. bragai é relatado. A ave, oriunda da área urbana do município de Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brasil, teve manifestações clínicas de apatia, desidratação, dispneia e veio a óbito. Na necropsia foram observados rins aumentados de volume, pálidos, com superfície irregular e nodulações esbranquiçadas. Ao corte verificaram-se parasitos nos rins, que foram processados para montagem de lâminas permanentes e identificados segundo técnica de rotina como P. bragai. No exame histopatológico dos rins foram constatados infiltrado inflamatório linfoplasmocítico multifocal moderado, dilatação de túbulos e focos de regeneração tubular, associados a fibrose intersticial moderada no córtex renal. Na medula renal havia infiltrado de macrófagos, heterófilos, eosinófilos e células gigantes multinucleadas associado a parasitos em ductos coletores dilatados. O parasitismo de P. leucophthalmus por P. bragai é relatado pela primeira vez. A importância de se considerar este parasito entre as possibilidades diagnósticas em aves com insuficiência renal é brevemente discutida.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.