Diagnostic Value of Serum Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) Level for Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Abstract

Background:Diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is not always easy, thus employing methods with a short duration and acceptable sensitivity and specificity is necessary to diagnose TB.Objectives:The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) level for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.Patients and Methods:A total of 160 sex and age-matched subjects were included in this study, and were divided to four groups; forty patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) diagnosed based on the national TB program (NTP), forty patients with non-tuberculosis bacterial pneumonia, forty patients with lung cancer and forty people who were healthy in every respect. Serum adenosine deaminase activity in patients of each group was measured by the Giusti and Galanti calorimetry method using a commercial kit (Diazyme, USA). The ANOVA analysis was used to compare groups for quantitative variables.Results:Mean serum ADA level in the PTB group was clearly higher than the mean serum ADA in the other three groups. Mean serum ADA was 26 IU/L in PTB patients, 19.48 IU/L in patients with pneumonia, 15.8 IU/L in patients with lung cancer, and 10.7 IU/L in the control group (P < 0.05). In regard to the cut off value of 26 IU/L for ADA in patients with PTB sensitivity and specificity was defined as 35% and 91%, respectively.Conclusions:Serum ADA activity with high specificity percentage may be a useful alternative test in restricted resource areas to rule out diagnosis of PTB. However, serum ADA activity is not a useful tool for TB diagnosis.

Biogenic synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles using olea europaea leaf extract and evaluation of their toxicity activities: An in vivo and in vitro study

“…While mice treated with 800 mg kg 21 were dead after 2 days of treatment. In contrast, no mouse exhibited symptoms of poising or mortality in animals treated with 100, 200, and 400 mg kg 21 . Therefore, oral administration with CUNPs may induce high toxicity with high doses and may affect the digestive system, which may explain the loss of body weight in treated mice.…”

“…The AMJ-13, SKOV-3, and HuFb cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% FBS, 20 mM Hepes, and 2 mM L-glutamine under a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO 2 at 378C in tissue culture flasks (T 25 cm 2 ; Falcon, USA). For viability assay, 200 lL of AMJ-13 and SCOV-3 cells were seeded in 96-well flat-bottom culture plates (Falcon, USA) at a density of 1 3 10 5 cells mL 21 . After 48 h in the exponentially growing phase, the cells were treated with CUNPs at concentrations of 0.39, 0.78, 1.5, 3.1, 6.3, 12, 25, and 50 lg mL 21 for 24 h. The same concentrations were also used for plant extract.…”

“…AMJ-13 and SKOV-3 cells were seeded in a humidified atmosphere supplemented with 5% CO 2 and 95% air at 378C. After confluent monolayer formation, cells were treated with (IC 50 concentration) CUNPs for 16 h. Cells at density 1.5 3 10 6 cell mL 21 were then harvested and suspended in ice-cold PBS. The cell suspension was centrifuged (1200 rpm) at 48C for 10 min.…”

“…20 The activity of ADA in lymphocytes and lymphoid organs has also been considered an index of immune response, because its deficiency is associated with a combined immune deficiency in which a hereditary ADA deficiency is associated with defective cellular and humoral immunity. 21 Increased serum ADA activity has been demonstrated in several diseases where cellular immunity is stimulated. These diseases include liver diseases, acute pneumonia, rheumatoid arthritis, acute leukemia, and malignancy.…”

Correlation Between Adenosine Deaminase Activity in Pleural Fluid and Serum of Patients With Pleural Effusion

“…These results might be associated with the etiology of pleural effusion where be useful as an alternative test to rule out the diagnosis of tuberculosis. 7 Adenosine deaminase research activity in recent years is focused on pleural fluid. Serum ADA activity is more easily examined compared to pleural fluid, but recent research only focused on serum or pleural fluid.…”