Diagnostic Value of p53 Protein and Flow Cytometric DNA Analysis in the Study of Serous Effusions

Lee, Ji Shin; Lee, Min Cheol; Park, Chang Soo; Juhng, Sang Woo

doi:10.1159/000333175

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…3,17 Immunohistochemistry has the most practical utility among the techniques and often involves the use of a panel of antibodies. 4 Various mesothelial and epithelial immunohistochemical markers are currently available to differentiate between RMCs and ACs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunocytochemical panel for distinguishing between adenocarcinomas and reactive mesothelial cells in effusion cell blocks

Kim

Choi

et al. 2009

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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The aim of our study was to determine the value of a panel that consisted of one epithelial marker (MOC-31) and two mesothelial markers (D2-40 and calretinin) for distinguishing between reactive mesothelial cells (RMCs) and adenocarcinomas (ACs) in effusion fluids. A total of 118 cell block specimens from pleural and peritoneal effusions, including 88 ACs and 30 benign effusions with RMCs were stained with antibodies against MOC-31, D2-40, and calretinin. MOC-31 membranous activity was observed in all samples from ACs, regardless of the primary tumor site. All benign effusion samples with RMCs were negative for MOC-31. All benign effusion samples with RMCs exhibited membranous staining for D2-40, and one AC case had focal reactivity for D2-40. Almost all benign effusions reacted positively with calretinin. Staining was noted in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus in the majority of cases. Scattered tumor cells had weak calretinin positivity in two AC cases. Background RMCs in AC effusions were consistently positive for D2-40 and calretinin. In general, D2-40 identified more RMCs than calretinin. The staining combination of positive for MOC-31 and negative for D2-40 or calretinin were 100% specific and 99% sensitive for ACs. Our data suggest that immunohistochemical studies performed on cell blocks with MOC-31, D2-40, and calretinin were useful in the differentiation between ACs and RMCs. D2-40 was a more sensitive marker for RMCs than calretinin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunocytochemical panel for distinguishing between adenocarcinomas and reactive mesothelial cells in effusion cell blocks

Kim

Choi

et al. 2009

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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“…113 p53 protein immunostained 68% of 38 malignant effusions and none of 48 benign effusions. 114 In a study of 68 serous fluid specimens, p53 stained 46% of 26 malignant cases and no benign cases. Two of eight suspicious cases stained positively, both were determined to have metastatic AdCa.…”

Section: Body Cavity Effusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of apoptosis in cytologic specimens

Shtilbans¹,

Burstein

2010

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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A hallmark of neoplasia is dysregulated apoptosis, programmed cell death. Apoptosis is crucial for normal tissue homeostasis. Dysregulation of apoptotic pathways leads to reduced cytocidal responses to chemotherapeutic drugs or radiation and is a frequent contributor to therapeutic resistance in cancer. The literature pertaining to detection of apoptotic pathway constituents in cytologic specimens is reviewed herein. Virtually all methods for detecting apoptosis, including classic cytomorphologic evaluation, TUNEL assay, immunocytochemistry, and gene sequence analysis, may be applied to cytologic samples as well as tissue. Components of both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways have been studied, including many reports examining p53 and bcl-2, as well as studies of caspase inhibitory proteins XIAP and survivin, death receptors and ligands such as Fas, Fas-ligand, and TRAIL. p53 undergoes oncogenic alteration more than any other protein; its immunocytochemical detection almost always connotes loss of its physiologic role as an inducer of apoptosis in response to a damaged genome. Several reports establish cytologic sampling as being as useful as tissue sampling. In one respect cytologic sampling is superior to tissue sampling in particular, by allowing clinicians to repeat sampling of the same tumor before and after administration of therapy; a number of reports use this approach to attempt to predict tumor response by assaying the effect of chemotherapy on the induction of apoptosis.

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“…3 Sensitivity of conventional cytology for the detection of malignant cells varies from 50-78%.4-5 Ancillary diagnostic methods have been proposed to increase the diagnostic accuracy for detection of malignant cells. [4][5][6] A comparatively simple technique used for this purpose is the silver staining of the nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Argyrophilic Nucleolar Organizer Region (AgNOR) Study in Cytological Evaluation of Fluids, Especially for Detection of Malignancy

Karki¹,

Jha²,

Sayami³

2012

Kathmandu Univ. Med. J.

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BackgroundSerous effusion smears reported as "suspicious for malignancy" pose problems in clinical management. Silver staining for argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNOR) has proved useful in making a cytopathologic differential diagnosis between benign and malignant cells. Nucleolar organizer regions(NORs) are loops of DNA located in acrocentric chromosomes. These NORs are visualized by silver staining technique that recognizes these argyrophilia associated proteins which are increased in malignancy. ObjectiveThis study aimed to distinguish reactive mesothelial cells from malignant cells in serous effusions using these NORs. MethodsA total of 174 serous effusions received at the Department of Pathology, TUTH, during a period of one year were included in the study. Smears were studied by conventional Papanicolaou and Giemsa stains. AgNOR counts, variation in size and dispersion of AgNOR dots in smears were graded and compared in malignant and non-malignant effusions. ResultsMean AgNOR counts of 10.43±0.73 and 10.21±0.51 in malignant peritoneal and pleural effusions, respectively, were significantly (p<0.0001) greater as compared with counts of 2.12±0.54 and 2.11±0.54 in non-malignant effusions. The AgNORs were irregular in shape in malignant effusions whereas they were comparatively larger, single dots in benign effusions. AgNOR size and dispersion were of higher grade in significantly greater proportion of malignant as compared with non malignant effusions (p<0.0001). Of the cytologically suspicious samples, nine were in the malignant range and one was in the benign range. ConclusionAgNOR study appears to be clinically useful as an additional diagnostic tool for use in serous effusion when the cytologic diagnosis is difficult.

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Diagnostic Value of p53 Protein and Flow Cytometric DNA Analysis in the Study of Serous Effusions

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

Immunocytochemical panel for distinguishing between adenocarcinomas and reactive mesothelial cells in effusion cell blocks

Immunocytochemical panel for distinguishing between adenocarcinomas and reactive mesothelial cells in effusion cell blocks

Evaluation of apoptosis in cytologic specimens

The Role of Argyrophilic Nucleolar Organizer Region (AgNOR) Study in Cytological Evaluation of Fluids, Especially for Detection of Malignancy

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