Diagnostic Value of Culture Procedures and Provocation Tests Un Suspected Mold Allergies

Liebeskind, A

doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1971.tb01286.x

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…When attempts are made to determine the overall health impact of fungi in indoor environments, many studies have indicated that repeated exposure to spores or volatiles from fungi present in indoor air may result in type I allergy ( asthma, rhinitis) (Beaumont, 1988;Wardlaw and Geddes, 1992 ), type III allergy (hypersensitivity pneumonitis ) ( Siersted and Gravesen, 1993 ) , Sick Building Syndrome (SBS ) ( Holmberg, 1987 ), and Organic Dust Toxic Syndrome ( Sigsgaard et al, 1990 ) . Liebeskind (1971) has suggested a relation between the intensity of a given influence ( i.e., molds ) and the inhalation of allergens. The health effects of fungi are not limited to allergic diseases, but also might relate to a number of other health effects, including infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons of seasonal fungal prevalence in indoor and outdoor air and in house dusts of dwellings in one Northeast American county1

Ren

Jankun

Leaderer

1999

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

141

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Fungi cause allergies and many other adverse health effects. In this study, we characterized the nature and seasonal variation of fungi inside and outside homes in the Greater New Haven, Connecticut area. Three indoor air samples ( in the living room, bedroom, and basement ) and one outdoor sample were collected by the Burkard portable air sampler. House dust samples were collected in the living room by a vacuum cleaner. The mold concentrations varied widely from house to house in both indoor and outdoor air. No significant difference ( p > 0.05 ) in concentration and type of fungi between living room and bedroom or by season was observed. Both concentration and type of fungi were significantly higher ( p < 0.05 ) in the basement than other indoor areas and outdoor air in winter. The type of fungi in living room, bedroom, and outdoor air were found to have significant changes among seasons, but there was no significant difference for the basement among seasons. Cladosporium spp. was dominant in both indoor and outdoor air in summer. Penicillium and Aspergillus were dominant in indoor air in winter, but neither was dominant in any season in outdoor air. The type of fungi and their concentrations in house dust samples were not representative of those isolated in indoor air. In dust samples, more Mucor, Wallemia, and Alternaria species, but less Aspergillus, Cladosporium, and Penicillium species were found in all seasons. Air sampling in spring or fall in every suspected house is suggested for year -round fungal exposure assessment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons of seasonal fungal prevalence in indoor and outdoor air and in house dusts of dwellings in one Northeast American county1

Ren

Jankun

Leaderer

1999

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

141

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“…A as (i) and Liebeskind (16) suggest a certain relation between the intensity of a given influence and the inhalationallergy. As this question still needs discussion and perhaps a better understanding a qualitative and a quantitative investigation of the indoor flora of fungi, to which these patients are largely exposed, seems to be of importance.…”

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confidence: 98%

Identification and Quantitation of Indoor Airborne Micro‐fungi During 12 Months From 44 Danish Homes

Gravesen¹

1972

Allergy

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It is well known that airborne spores and conidia from microfungi may cause inhalation-allergy of various forms (3,11,15,22,32,35,36).A as (i) and Liebeskind (16) suggest a certain relation between the intensity of a given influence and the inhalationallergy. As this question still needs discussion and perhaps a better understanding a qualitative and a quantitative investigation of the indoor flora of fungi, to which these patients are largely exposed, seems to be of importance. In Scandinavia previous works have especially dealt with outdoor microflora (6, II,12,21,26), and outside Scandinavia investigations of the same kind have been made (2,10,12,13,31,33,35).The purpose of the present study is to detect the types of micro-fungi that can be found in Danish homes in the towns and in the country and to investigate if seasonal variations can be demonstrated in the indoor microflora. For practical reasons the investigation was performed in homes of children supposed to be hypersensitive to fungi, in order to obtain results that could be correlated to the clinical studies. It was planned later to relate these results to the effect of hypersensitization with the strain of a given species from the home of the patient with the effect of an analogous standard-strain.

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“…Mold contamination of indoor air has gained increasing attention as a possible source of allergy. In many cases faulty construction or unsuitable materials have created favourable conditions for mold growth (8,12,14,18). This paper presents another example.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the fungi found on window frames Aureobasidium is known to damage painted surfaces (8) and wall papers (14) but primarily attacks the leaves of plants (5). Trichoderma is known to attack damp timber and thus can grow actively on window framqs.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Frame Fungi on Insulated Windows

Käpylä

1985

Allergy

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Insulated windows (fixed triple glass window elements), became common in Finland during and after the energy crisis. Moisture tends to condense along the edges causing mold growth on the frames. Nine houses with insulated glass windows and eight with other types of window were studied. Fungus samples were taken from the window edges and from the inside air and cultivated on malt extract agar. In five of the houses with insulated windows there was visible mold growth on the window edges. The predominant fungus was Aureobasidium pullulans. With other types of windows there was only one case of visible mold. The concentrations of fungi were about the same in the air of houses with both types of windows. Aureobasidium was rare in the air samples. Thus, window frame molds seem to contribute very little to airborne fungus concentrations. In situ trials were done to control the mold growth with disinfectants. Repeated spraying with aldehydes or quaternary ammonium chlorides in alcohols proved to be successful.

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Diagnostic Value of Culture Procedures and Provocation Tests Un Suspected Mold Allergies

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Comparisons of seasonal fungal prevalence in indoor and outdoor air and in house dusts of dwellings in one Northeast American county1

Comparisons of seasonal fungal prevalence in indoor and outdoor air and in house dusts of dwellings in one Northeast American county1

Identification and Quantitation of Indoor Airborne Micro‐fungi During 12 Months From 44 Danish Homes

Frame Fungi on Insulated Windows

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