“…Pulmonary Clinics at these hospitals and associated hospitals served as additional source of participants [32]Post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 0.7 and FEV1 < 70% predicted | Bell et al [22] | 2012 | UK | Twins UK | Healthy unselected volunteers who are a twin (MZ, DZ and singleton) representing the general population | Participants recruited from media campaigns, initially only middle-aged women were included in the registry but from 1995 onwards, men and women >18 years of age were also recruited [28] | Analysed lung function only (no COPD diagnosis) – FEV1 and FVC |
Lepeule et al [25] | 2012 | USA | Normative Ageing | Healthy male participants at enrolment, containing smokers and ex-smokers (Veterans Administration 1963 closed-cohort) | Enrolled after an initial health screening determined that they were free of known chronic medical conditions | Analysed lung function – FEV1, FVC, MMEF (did not specify pre-/post-bronchodilator) |
Lange et al [26] | 2012 | Boston (USA) | Normative Ageing | Healthy male participants at enrolment, containing smokers and ex-smokers (Veterans Administration 1963 closed-cohort) | Enrolled after an initial health screening determined that they were free of known chronic medical conditions | GOLD stage II or higher (pre-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 0.7 and FEV1 < 80% predicted) |
Marioni et al [21] | 2015 | Scotland (UK) | Lothian Birth | Childhood inception cohort of ‘healthy b ’ participants with varying lung function, containing smokers, ex-smokers and never smokers | Individuals born in 1936 in the Lothian area were identified using the Community Health Index (registered at a general practitioner) or through media advertisements. The majority of the cohort were participants in the Scottish Mental Survey 1947 [27] | Analysed lung function only (no COPD diagnosis)- FEV1 |
Wielscher et al [24] | 2015 | Austria | N/A | COPD patients, GOLD 0 COPD patients and healthy controls | Selection of patient from Medical University of Vienna, 2008-2012 | Post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC <0.7 |
Abbreviations : ICGN International COPD Genetics Network
a Multi-centre: Cambridge, Copenhagen, Denver, Harvard, Holland, Italy, Liverpool, Nebraska, Spain, Vancouver EOCOPD: Early-onset COPD (Boston), AAT: Alpha-1-Antitrypsin, UK: United Kingdom, MZ: Monozygotic twin, DZ: Dizygotic twin, USA: United States of America, GOLD: Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
b Healthy: participants free from chronic disease at enrolment, GOLD stage 0: FEV1/FVC ratio > 0.7 but with respiratory symptoms
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